Nitrate reduction by nano-Fe/Cu particles in packed column

Abstract In this work the application of a modified surface nano zero valent iron (NZVI) as bimetallic Fe/Cu particles to remove high concentration of NO 3 − -N through packed sand column has been studied. Dispersed nano- Fe/Cu particles has been synthesized in water mixed ethanol solvent system (1:4  v / v ) and described by XRD pattern, TEM and SEM images and BET analyze. Batch experiments have been conducted to investigate the effect of percentage coating of Fe 0 by Cu on the nitrate removal. Research on packed sand column (120 cm length, 6.5 cm inner diameter) has been done under conditions of Nano- Fe/Cu concentration (2, 5, and 8 g l − 1 of solution), high initial NO 3 − - N concentration (100, 200, and 300 mg l − 1 ) and pore water velocity through sand (0.125, 0.250, and 0.375 mm s − 1 ) in seven sets. Results of batch experiments indicated the efficient coating percentage of Fe 0 by Cu in NO 3 − - N reduction was 2.5% ( w/w ). In addition, increase of pore velocity of water through packed sand has negative effect on the nitrate reduction rate. In contrast, increasing the injected mass of nano particles and the influent NO 3 − - N concentration would increase the rate of NO 3 − -N reduction. The best condition to reduce NO 3 − - N has been observed at end of sand column as 75% of influent concentration when nano- Fe/Cu concentration = 8 g l − 1 , high initial NO 3 − - N concentration = 100 mg l − 1 and pore water velocity through sand = 0.125 mm s − 1 .

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