Microwave-hydrothermal processing of titanium dioxide

Abstract Microwave-hydrothermal synthesis of titanium dioxide under various reaction conditions is reported. Crystallization of rutile from TiOCl 2 solutions was found to be extremely rapid. Titanium dioxide particle size, morphology and polymorph can be controlled by changing various parameters such as concentration, pH, pressure (or temperature), time and anionic species. The main advantages of microwave-hydrothermal processing of TiO 2 are (a) rapid heating to temperature and (b) extremely rapid kinetics of crystallization, both are expected to lead to energy savings.

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