Etude de la formation des images retiniennes et determination de l'aberration de sphericite de l'oeil humain

Abstract We study a knife edge method derived from the classical Foucault test, applied to the measurement of spherical aberration of the optical system of the eye. This work had been done, till now, for lenses. Applied to the human eye it makes possible the determination of the relation between spherical aberration and retinean image quality. The use of the retinean image of a large object slit gives experimental variations of tangential profile, measured in the knife plane, and hence the evaluation of the wavefront meridian curve. Spherical aberration only is taken into account, other defects being excluded. Some results are given about the variation in term of accommodation, and in term of pupil diameter of the following curves: 1 — The best wavefront related to the best image. 2 — The corresponding illumination in the disk image of a point source. 3 — The position of the best image and the microfluctuations of the accommodation of the eye. 4 — The modulation transfert function of the optical system of the eye.