Punished: Policing the Lives of Black and Latino Boys

Preface Acknowledgments Part I Hypercriminalization 1 Dreams Deferred: The Patterns of Punishment in Oakland 2 The Flatlands of Oakland and the Youth Control Complex 3 The Labeling Hype: Coming of Age in the Era of Mass Incarceration 4 The Coupling of Criminal Justice and Community Institutions Part II Consequences 5 "Dummy Smart": Misrecognition, Acting Out, and "Going Dumb" 6 Proving Manhood: Masculinity as a Rehabilitative Tool 7 Guilty by Association: Acting White or Acting Lawful? Conclusion: Toward a Youth Support Complex Appendix: Beyond Jungle-Book Tropes Notes References Index About the Author

[1]  Christopher J. Schreck,et al.  “I Ain't Gonna Let No One Disrespect Me” , 2006 .

[2]  Roland G. Fryer "Acting White": The Social Price Paid by the Best and Brightest Minority Students , 2006 .

[3]  James C. Scott,et al.  Weapons of the Weak: Everyday Forms of Peasant Resistance. , 1985, The Journal of Asian Studies.

[4]  Henry A. Giroux Youth in a Suspect Society: Democracy or Disposability? , 2009 .

[5]  Martín Sánchez-Jankowski,et al.  Islands in the Street: Gangs and American Urban Society , 1991 .

[6]  L. Dance Tough Fronts: The Impact of Street Culture on Schooling , 2002 .

[7]  P. Buhle Race Rebels: Culture, Politics, and the Black Working Class , 1996 .

[8]  P. Greven Spare the child : the religious roots of punishment and the psychological impact of physical abuse , 1992 .

[9]  J. Hepburn THE IMPACT OF POLICE INTERVENTION UPON JUVENILE DELINQUENTS , 1977 .

[10]  B. Western,et al.  Punishment, Inequality, and the Future of Mass Incarceration , 2009 .

[11]  J. Limón Dancing with the Devil: Society and Cultural Poetics in Mexican-American South Texas , 1994 .

[12]  A. Harris Gender Violence, Race, and Criminal Justice , 2000 .

[13]  R. Matsueda Reflected Appraisals, Parental Labeling, and Delinquency: Specifying a Symbolic Interactionist Theory , 1992, American Journal of Sociology.

[14]  Nancy A. Naples Feminism and Method: Ethnography, Discourse Analysis, and Activist Research , 2003 .

[15]  Pierre Bourdieu,et al.  Outline of a Theory of Practice , 2020, On Violence.

[16]  江俊儒 Learning to Labour: How Working Class Kids Get Working Class Jobs , 2011 .

[17]  Elizabeth H. Sutherland,et al.  De Colores Means All of Us: Latina Views for a Multi-Colored Century , 1998 .

[18]  B. Werble Outsiders Studies in the Sociology of Deviance. , 1966 .

[19]  H. George Racism without Racists: Color-Blind Racism, and Racial Inequality in Contemporary America , 2013 .

[20]  M. Mauer,et al.  Invisible punishment : the collateral consequences of mass imprisonment , 2002 .

[21]  Douglas B. Downey,et al.  ASSESSING THE OPPOSITIONAL CULTURE EXPLANATION FOR RACIAL/ETHNIC DIFFERENCES IN SCHOOL PERFORMANCE* , 1998 .

[22]  M. Castells The Power of Identity , 1997 .

[23]  Br Ferrall,et al.  Illusion of order: The false promise of broken windows policing , 2001 .

[24]  S. Venkatesh Gender and Outlaw Capitalism: A Historical Account of the Black Sisters United "Girl Gang" , 1998, Signs: Journal of Women in Culture and Society.

[25]  Clifford R. Shaw The Jack-Roller: A Delinquent Boy's Own Story , 1966 .

[26]  J. Covington Racial classification in criminology: The reproduction of racialized crime , 1995 .

[27]  Thomas P. Lebel Perceptions of and Responses to Stigma , 2008 .

[28]  R. D'amico Discipline and Punish: The Birth of the Prison , 1978, Telos.

[29]  Rod K. Brunson,et al.  Young Black Men and Urban Policing in the United States , 2006 .

[30]  K. Dodge,et al.  Behavioral antecedents of peer social status. , 1983 .

[31]  H. Gans The Urban Villagers: Group And Class In The Life Of Italian-Americans , 1963 .

[32]  K. Marx The Eighteenth Brumaire of Louis Bonaparte , 1852 .

[33]  Sarah Armstrong,et al.  :Governing Through Crime: How the War on Crime Transformed American Democracy and Created a Culture of Fear , 2009 .

[34]  J. Hagan Destiny and Drift: Subcultural, Preferences, Status Attainments, and the Risks and Rewards of Youth , 1991 .

[35]  M. Davis,et al.  A World of Gangs: Armed Young Men and Gangsta Culture , 2008 .

[36]  Jacques Donzelot The Policing of Families , 1979 .

[37]  Jerome Hall,et al.  Punishment and Social Structure , 1939 .

[38]  P. Goel,et al.  In search of respect: Selling crack in El Barrio , 1997 .

[39]  Robin D. G. Kelley,et al.  Yo' mama's disfunktional! : fighting the culture wars in urban America , 1997 .

[40]  M. Kimmel,et al.  Adolescent Masculinity, Homophobia, and Violence , 2003 .

[41]  Andrea M. Leverentz,et al.  :Marked: Race, Crime, and Finding Work in an Era of Mass Incarceration , 2009 .

[42]  D. Weiman Punishing the Poor: The Neoliberal Government of Social Insecurity , 2010 .

[43]  D. Harding,et al.  HOW CULTURE MATTERS FOR THE UNDERSTANDING OF POVERTY: , 2007 .

[44]  G. Simmel The sociology of Georg Simmel , 1950 .

[45]  Mike Rose,et al.  Lives on the Boundary , 1989 .

[46]  A. K. Geddes,et al.  The Child in America: Behavior Problems and Programs. , 1929 .

[47]  G. A. Avanesov,et al.  The Principles of Criminology , 1982 .

[48]  D. Smith The conceptual practices of power : a feminist sociology of knowledge , 1991 .

[49]  Race to Incarcerate , 2001 .

[50]  Bertin M. Louis Losing the Race: Self‐Sabotage in Black America , 2001, Transforming Anthropology.

[51]  P. Oliver Repression and Crime Control: Why Social Movement Scholars Should Pay Attention to Mass Incarceration as a Form of Repression , 2008 .

[52]  A. T. Turk Policing the Crisis: Mugging, the State, and Law and Order.Stuart Hall , Chas Critcher , Tony Jefferson , John Clarke , Brian Roberts , 1980 .

[53]  Prudence L. Carter,et al.  Black Cultural Capital, Status Positioning, and Schooling Conflicts for Low-Income African American Youth , 2003 .

[54]  M. Deutsch Tally's Corner: A Study of Negro Streetcorner Men. , 1967 .

[55]  Loic J. D. Wacquant,et al.  Scrutinizing the Street: Poverty, Morality, and the Pitfalls of Urban Ethnography1 , 2002, American Journal of Sociology.

[56]  E. Durkheim,et al.  Rules of Sociological Method , 1964 .

[57]  K. Charmaz,et al.  Qualitative interviewing and grounded theory analysis , 2012 .

[58]  Ann Swidler CULTURE IN ACTION: SYMBOLS AND STRATEGIES* , 1986 .

[59]  Aihwa Ong Buddha is hiding: refugees, citizenship, the new America , 2003 .

[60]  Steven R Welch,et al.  Notes to Conclusion , 1998 .

[61]  Tara J. Yosso Critical Race Counterstories along the Chicana/Chicano Educational Pipeline , 2005 .

[62]  Nanette J. Davis Youth Crisis: Growing Up in the High-Risk Society , 1999 .

[63]  Zine Magubane,et al.  Between Good and Ghetto: African American Girls and Inner City Violence , 2010 .

[64]  A. Mobley Golden Gulag: Prisons, Surplus, Crisis, and Opposition in Globalizing California , 2008 .

[65]  Alford A. Young The Minds of Marginalized Black Men: Making Sense of Mobility, Opportunity, and Future Life Chances , 2004 .

[66]  Randall G. Shelden,et al.  Girls, delinquency, and juvenile justice , 1991 .

[67]  A. Gordon Globalism and the prison industrial complex: an interview with Angela Davis , 1999 .

[68]  F. Padilla The gang as an American enterprise , 1992 .

[69]  David Garland,et al.  Punishment and modern society : a study in social theory , 1991 .

[70]  Steven P. Feldman Works and Lives: The Anthropologist as Author , 1989 .

[71]  Mona Lynch Waste Managers? the New Penology, Crime Fighting, and Parole Agent Identity , 1998 .

[72]  Catherine A. Emihovich The Unknown City: The Lives of Poor and Working‐Class Young Adults. , 1999 .

[73]  Stephen Duncombe Cultural Resistance Reader , 2002 .

[74]  R. Weiss Learning from strangers : the art and method of qualitative interview studies , 1995 .

[75]  H. Gans War on drugs. , 2002, Bulletin of the American College of Surgeons.

[76]  R. Martinson,et al.  What works ?-- questions and answers about prison reform , 2006 .

[77]  Erica R. Edwards Black Picket Fences: Privilege and Peril Among the Black Middle Class , 2002 .

[78]  William Julius Wilson,et al.  The declining significance of race , 1978 .

[79]  A. Goffman On the Run: Wanted Men in a Philadelphia Ghetto , 2009 .

[80]  Aggression, Hypermasculine Emotions and Relations: The Silence/Violence Pattern , 2006 .

[81]  Ruth Horowitz,et al.  Honor and the American Dream: Culture and Identity in a Chicano Community , 1983 .

[82]  R. Behar The Vulnerable Observer: Anthropology That Breaks Your Heart , 1996 .

[83]  R. Yin The Case Study as a Serious Research Strategy , 1981 .

[84]  E. Durkheim FROM THE ELEMENTARY FORMS OF THE RELIGIOUS LIFE , 1996, The New Economic Sociology.

[85]  M. Small Lost In Translation: How Not to Make Qualitative Research More Scientific , 2005 .

[86]  G. Turkel,et al.  Making Crime Pay: Law and Order in Contemporary American Politics. , 1997 .

[87]  J. Collins,et al.  Both Hands Tied: Welfare Reform and the Race to the Bottom in the Low-Wage Labor Market , 2010 .

[88]  M. Khanye,et al.  An urban experience. , 1989, Nursing RSA = Verpleging RSA.

[89]  Philip Brown Bad Boys: Public Schools in the Making of Black Masculinity by Ferguson , 2008, International Journal of Multicultural Education.

[90]  Paul J. Hirschfield The criminalization of school discipline in the USA , 2010 .

[91]  R. C. Ulin Anthropology and the colonial encounter , 1975 .

[92]  T. Tyler,et al.  The Social Psychology of Procedural Justice , 1988 .

[93]  M. Joseph Punishment and Inequality in America , 2007 .

[94]  O. Patterson,et al.  Slavery and Social Death: A Comparative Study. , 1984 .

[95]  B. Krisberg Juvenile Justice: Redeeming Our Children , 2004 .

[96]  S. Fordham,et al.  Black students' school success: Coping with the “burden of ‘acting white’” , 1986 .

[97]  Henry A. Giroux The Abandoned Generation: Democracy Beyond the Culture of Fear , 2003 .

[98]  J. Diiulio,et al.  Body Count: Moral Poverty...And How to Win America's War Against Crime and Drugs , 1996 .

[99]  J. Fabian Time and the Other: How Anthropology Makes Its Object , 1983 .

[100]  郭婷,et al.  Orientalism: An Overview , 2013 .

[101]  Michael Burawoy,et al.  Ethnography Unbound: Power and Resistance in the Modern Metropolis , 1991 .

[102]  Dylan Rodríguez Forced Passages: Imprisoned Radical Intellectuals and the U.S. Prison Regime , 2006 .

[103]  Natalie Coulter Manhood in America: A Cultural History , 1998 .

[104]  Michelle Alexander,et al.  The New Jim Crow: Mass Incarceration in the Age of Colorblindness A Case Study on the Role of Books in Leveraging Social Change , 2014 .

[105]  A. Davis Black Feminist Thought: Knowledge, Consciousness and the Politics of Empowerment , 1993 .

[106]  J. Kozol Savage Inequalities: Children in America's Schools , 1992 .

[107]  John Braithwaite,et al.  Crime, Shame, And Reintegration , 1989 .

[108]  K. Seccombe Flat Broke with Children: Women in the Age of Welfare Reform , 2004 .

[109]  Himadeep Muppidi A Theory of Global Capitalism: Production, Class, and State in a Transnational World , 2004, Perspectives on Politics.

[110]  Paul J. Hirschfield The Declining Significance of Delinquent Labels in Disadvantaged Urban Communities1 , 2008 .

[111]  S. Hall,et al.  Signification, representation, ideology: Althusser and the post‐structuralist debates , 1985 .

[112]  Jock S. Young,et al.  The Exclusive Society: Social Exclusion, Crime and Difference in Late Modernity , 1999 .

[113]  Irene Padavic,et al.  'There Oughtta Be a Law Against Bitches': Masculinity Lessons in Police Academy Training , 2002 .

[114]  A. Ferguson,et al.  Bad Boys: Public Schools in the Making of Black Masculinity , 2000 .

[115]  D. Murch The Campus and the Street: Race, Migration, and the Origins of the Black Panther Party in Oakland, CA , 2007 .

[116]  Martín Sánchez-Jankowski Cracks in the Pavement: Social Change and Resilience in Poor Neighborhoods , 2008 .

[117]  Nilda Flores-González,et al.  School Kids/Street Kids: Identity Development in Latino Students. Sociology of Education Series. , 2002 .

[118]  Karl Mannheim,et al.  Ideology and utopia : an introduction to the sociology of knowledge , 1938 .

[119]  G. Lipsitz The Possessive Investment in Whiteness: How White People Profit from Identity Politics , 1999 .

[120]  R. Takaki A Different Mirror: A History of Multicultural America. First Edition. , 1993 .

[121]  Robert O. Self American Babylon: Race and the Struggle for Postwar Oakland , 2003 .

[122]  Victor M. Rios The Hyper-Criminalization of Black and Latino Male Youth in the Era of Mass Incarceration , 2006 .

[123]  C. West,et al.  DOING DIFFERENCE , 1995 .

[124]  Richard Quinney,et al.  Class, State, and Crime , 1980 .

[125]  Jacqueline M Zalewski,et al.  Ain't No Makin' It: Aspirations and Attainment in a Low-Income Neighborhood , 2010 .

[126]  Antonio Gramsci,et al.  From the 'Prison Notebooks' , 2000 .

[127]  Nikki Jones,et al.  Getting Played: African American Girls, Urban Inequality, and Gendered Violence , 2009 .

[128]  B. Western The Prison Boom and the Decline of American Citizenship , 2007 .

[129]  Elijah Anderson,et al.  Streetwise: Race, Class, and Change in an Urban Community , 1992 .

[130]  B. Seale,et al.  The Black Panthers , 2006 .

[131]  J. Devine,et al.  Maximum Security: The Culture of Violence in Inner-City Schools , 1998 .

[132]  R. Delgado,et al.  Critical Race Theory: An Introduction , 2014 .

[133]  W. Churchill,et al.  Agents of Repression: The FBI's Secret Wars Against the Black Panther Party and the American Indian Movement , 1988 .

[134]  Luís Antônio Francisco de Souza The culture of control: crime and social order in contemporary, society , 2003 .

[135]  A. Kupchik Judging Juveniles: Prosecuting Adolescents in Adult and Juvenile Courts , 2006 .

[136]  Mercer L. Sullivan,et al.  "Getting Paid": Youth Crime and Work in the Inner City , 1989 .