Economic analysis of household photovoltaic and reused-battery energy storage systems based on solar-load deep scenario generation under multi-tariff policies of China

Abstract The reused batteries have become a practical alternative to household energy storage system, which is conducive to the effective utilization of excessive roof photovoltaic power generation and the sustainable development of energy. Economic incentives are the driving force for residential consumers to develop photovoltaic and energy storage. This study combines a solar-load uncertainty model and economic analysis to assess the financial impact of adding a reused-battery energy storage system to a photovoltaic assemblage in the context of multi-tariff policies and photovoltaic resource regions in China. First, we classify the types of residents based on the correlation between the users’ electricity consumption behavior and solar radiation. Secondly, to characterize the solar-load uncertainty, a deep scenario generation method based on an improved variational autoencoder is proposed to generate solar-load scenarios. Then, a mixed-integer linear programming model is developed which takes solar-load uncertainty into account. Finally, the operating cost of photovoltaic with a reused-battery energy storage system for each type of residential user under multi-tariff policies in China considering solar load uncertainty is obtained. The results demonstrate that the generated scenarios can effectively describe the uncertainty of the photovoltaic output and residential load. And, the correlation between the users’ electricity consumption behavior and solar radiation can guide the residential customer to install the reused-battery energy storage system. Moreover, economic feasibility and sustainable development of photovoltaic with reused-battery energy storage system depending on the regulation of market tariff policy.

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