Empathy and Criativity in Privacy Requirements Elicitation: Systematic Literature Review

This paper presents a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) in order to find in the literature papers that use creativity and empathy techniques in privacy requirements elicitation. These techniques have been used in requirements elicitation in order to facilitate the understanding of the requirements and provide a collaborative interaction between the teams and the end user. Thus, we investigated whether the literature already has reports on the use of these techniques as facilitators in the process of privacy requirements elicitation. As a result of the SLR, we found few papers related to the use of Empathy in privacy requirements elicitation and no papers that relate Creativity to the elicitation of privacy requirements.

[1]  Christothea Herodotou,et al.  Expressivity of creativity and creative design considerations in digital games , 2020, Comput. Hum. Behav..

[2]  Christoph Fuchs,et al.  Creating Customer Value Through Design Thinking , 2019 .

[3]  Stefanos Gritzalis,et al.  Methods for Designing Privacy Aware Information Systems: A Review , 2009, 2009 13th Panhellenic Conference on Informatics.

[4]  J. Decety.  The neural pathways, development and functions of empathy , 2015, Current Opinion in Behavioral Sciences.

[5]  A. Cropley.  Definitions of Creativity , 2020, Encyclopedia of Creativity.

[6]  Ozge Nilay Yalccin.  Evaluating Empathy in Artificial Agents , 2019, 1908.05341.

[7]  S. Liou,et al.  Empathy: Its Proximate and Ultimate Bases in Advancing Technology , 2018, 2018 International Conference on Orange Technologies (ICOT).

[8]  E. Harmon-Jones,et al.  Empathy and attitudes: can feeling for a member of a stigmatized group improve feelings toward the group? , 1997, Journal of personality and social psychology.

[9]  Ewa Callahan,et al.  Cross-Cultural Empathy: Learning About Diverse Users in Design Thinking Process , 2018, HCI.

[10]  Jeongmin Lee,et al.  Fostering group creativity through design thinking projects , 2019, Knowledge Management & E-Learning: An International Journal.

[11]  Pearl Brereton,et al.  Performing systematic literature reviews in software engineering , 2006, ICSE.

[12]  Luiz Marcio Cysneiros,et al.  Designing for privacy and other competing requirements , 2002 .

[13]  João Araújo,et al.  Generating feature model from creative requirements using model driven design , 2012, SPLC '12.

[14]  Liliana Pasquale,et al.  The Grace Period Has Ended: An Approach to Operationalize GDPR Requirements , 2018, 2018 IEEE 26th International Requirements Engineering Conference (RE).

[15]  Mariana Maia Peixoto,et al.  PCM Tool: Privacy Requirements Specification in Agile Software Development , 2019 .

[16]  Laura K. Taylor,et al.  Empathy: A Review of the Concept , 2016 .

[17]  Christian Wolff,et al.  Developing UX for Collaborative Mobile Prototyping , 2014, HCI.

[18]  Shari E. Miller,et al.  A Model of Empathy in Engineering as a Core Skill, Practice Orientation, and Professional Way of Being , 2017 .

[19]  Marcello Cysneiros Landim Valença.  Creadtivity: um processo que integra design thinking e técnicas de criatividadade na elicitação de requisitos de software , 2016 .

[20]  M. Field.  Defying the Crowd: Cultivating Creativity in a Culture of Conformity , 1996 .

[21]  Jörg Dörr,et al.  Enabling Users to Specify Correct Privacy Requirements , 2019, REFSQ.

[22]  Özge Nilay Yalçın,et al.  Empathy framework for embodied conversational agents , 2020, Cognitive Systems Research.

[23]  Richard Berntsson-Svensson,et al.  Selecting creativity techniques for creative requirements: An evaluation of four techniques using creativity workshops , 2015, 2015 IEEE 23rd International Requirements Engineering Conference (RE).

[24]  Alejandro Oliveros,et al.  Challenges in Requirement Engineering: Could Design Thinking Help? , 2019, QUATIC.

[25]  Guo Freeman,et al.  Exploring Indie Game Development: Team Practices and Social Experiences in A Creativity-Centric Technology Community , 2019, Computer Supported Cooperative Work (CSCW).

[26]  Olivia Jewell,et al.  The Link between Emotional Intelligence and Creativity , 2017 .

[27]  Neil A. M. Maiden,et al.  Creativity and Goal Modeling for Software Requirements Engineering , 2015, Creativity & Cognition.

[28]  Stefan Wermter,et al.  The OMG-Empathy Dataset: Evaluating the Impact of Affective Behavior in Storytelling , 2019, 2019 8th International Conference on Affective Computing and Intelligent Interaction (ACII).

[29]  Leonardo P. Tizzei,et al.  IBM Design Thinking Software Development Framework , 2016, WBMA.

[30]  Nada Lavrac,et al.  Computational Creativity Infrastructure for Online Software Composition: A Conceptual Blending Use Case , 2016, ICCC.

[31]  Pearl Brereton,et al.  Systematic literature reviews in software engineering - A systematic literature review , 2009, Inf. Softw. Technol..

[32]  Eunji Lee,et al.  Design Thinking Methods and Tools for Innovation , 2015, HCI.

[33]  Esperanza Marcos,et al.  Leveraging creativity in requirements elicitation within agile software development: a systematic literature review , 2019, J. Syst. Softw..

[34]  Irit Hadar,et al.  The Importance of Empathy for Analyzing Privacy Requirements , 2018, 2018 IEEE 5th International Workshop on Evolving Security & Privacy Requirements Engineering (ESPRE).

[35]  Eva Bittner,et al.  Designing Automated Facilitation for Design Thinking: A Chatbot for Supporting Teams in the Empathy Map Method , 2019, HICSS.

[36]  Claes Wohlin,et al.  Search Strategy to Update Systematic Literature Reviews in Software Engineering , 2019, 2019 45th Euromicro Conference on Software Engineering and Advanced Applications (SEAA).

[37]  Mohamed Eltoweissy,et al.  Next Generation Smart Built Environments: The Fusion of Empathy, Privacy and Ethics , 2019, 2019 First IEEE International Conference on Trust, Privacy and Security in Intelligent Systems and Applications (TPS-ISA).

[38]  Irit Hadar,et al.  Multidisciplinary Requirements Engineering for Addressing Social-Oriented Concerns , 2018, 2018 1st International Workshop on Learning from other Disciplines for Requirements Engineering (D4RE).

[39]  T. Lubart,et al.  Creativity, Design Thinking and Interdisciplinarity , 2017 .

[40]  M. Todd Gamble.  Can Metamodels Link Development to Design Intent? , 2016, 2016 IEEE/ACM 1st International Workshop on Bringing Architectural Design Thinking Into Developers' Daily Activities (BRIDGE).

[41]  Pearl Brereton,et al.  Lessons from applying the systematic literature review process within the software engineering domain , 2007, J. Syst. Softw..

[42]  Mariana Maia Peixoto,et al.  Privacy and Security in Requirements Engineering: Results from a Systematic Literature Mapping , 2019, WER.

[43]  Tayana Conte,et al.  PATHY: Using Empathy with Personas to Design Applications that Meet the Users' Needs , 2016, HCI.

[44]  José F. Ruiz,et al.  Privacy Requirements: Findings and Lessons Learned in Developing a Privacy Platform , 2016, 2016 IEEE 24th International Requirements Engineering Conference (RE).

[45]  Q. He.  A Framework for Modeling Privacy Requirements in Role Engineering , 2003 .

[46]  Andreas Lanitis,et al.  Enhancing Reflection and Empathy Skills via Using a Virtual Reality Based Learning Framework , 2019, Int. J. Emerg. Technol. Learn..

[47]  Sunil Choenni,et al.  Towards Applying Design-Thinking for Designing Privacy-Protecting Information Systems , 2019, 2019 First IEEE International Conference on Trust, Privacy and Security in Intelligent Systems and Applications (TPS-ISA).

[48]  Danah Henriksen,et al.  Design thinking: A creative approach to educational problems of practice , 2017 .

[49]  Andrea Gasparini,et al.  Perspective and Use of Empathy in Design Thinking , 2015, ACHI 2015.

[50]  Paul Ralph,et al.  Perceptions of Creativity in Software Engineering Research and Practice , 2017, 2017 43rd Euromicro Conference on Software Engineering and Advanced Applications (SEAA).

[51]  Elton R. Vieira.  CONSTRUÇÃO DO GUIA DE PADRÕES DE CRIATIVIDADE PARA DESENVOLVEDORES DE SOFTWARE , 2014 .

[52]  Adrian Friday,et al.  The Role of Design Thinking and Physical Prototyping in Social Software Engineering , 2015, 2015 IEEE/ACM 37th IEEE International Conference on Software Engineering.

[53]  S. Atkinson.  Explaining Creativity: The Science of Human Innovation , 2007 .

[54]  Arnon Hershkovitz,et al.  Creativity in the acquisition of computational thinking , 2019, Interact. Learn. Environ..

[55]  Cleiton Silva,et al.  Improvements in the StArt tool to better support the systematic review process , 2016, EASE.

[56]  Tucker J. Marion,et al.  Innovating How to Learn Design Thinking, Making, and Innovation: Incorporating Multiple Modes in Teaching the Innovation Process , 2020, INFORMS Trans. Educ..

[57]  Edna Dias Canedo,et al.  Design Thinking: Challenges for Software Requirements Elicitation , 2019, Inf..

[58]  Carlos Eduardo Ribeiro,et al.  Design Thinking and Scrum in Software Requirements Elicitation: A Case Study , 2019, HCI.