Hygroscopicity of the submicrometer aerosol at the high-alpine site Jungfraujoch, 3580 m a.s.l., Switzerland

Data from measurements of hygroscopic growth of submicrometer aerosol with a hygroscopicity tandem dif- ferential mobility analyzer (HTDMA) during four campaigns at the high alpine research station Jungfraujoch, Switzerland, are presented. The campaigns took place during the years 2000, 2002, 2004 and 2005, each lasting approximately one month. Hygroscopic growth factors (GF, i.e. the relative change in particle diameter from dry diameter, D0, to diam- eter measured at higher relative humidity, RH) are presented for three distinct air mass types, namely for: 1) free tropo- spheric winter conditions, 2) planetary boundary layer influ- enced air masses (during a summer period) and 3) Saharan dust events (SDE). The GF values at 85% RH (D0=100 nm) were 1.40±0.11 and 1.29±0.08 for the first two situations while for SDE a bimodal GF distribution was often found. No phase changes were observed when the RH was varied between 10-90%, and the continuous water uptake could be well described with a single-parameter empirical model. The frequency distributions of the average hygroscopic growth factors and the width of the retrieved growth factor distri- butions (indicating whether the aerosol is internally or exter- nally mixed) are presented, which can be used for modeling purposes. Measurements of size resolved chemical composition were performed with an aerosol mass spectrometer in par- allel to the GF measurements. This made it possible to esti- mate the apparent ensemble mean GF of the organics (GForg) using inverse ZSR (Zdanovskii-Stokes-Robinson) modeling. GForg was found to be 1.20 at aw=0.85, which is at the up- per end of previous laboratory and field data though still in agreement with the highly aged and oxidized nature of the Jungfraujoch aerosol.

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