Optimization of the Thyristor Controlled Phase Shifting Transformer using PSO Algorithm

The increase of power system demand leads to the change in voltage profile, reliability requirement and system robustness against disturbance. The voltage profile can be improved by providing a source of reactive power through the addition of new power plants, capacitor banks, or implementation of Flexible AC Transmission System (FACTS) devices such as Static VAR Compensator (SVC), Unified Power Flow Control (UPFC), Thyristor Controlled Series Capacitor (TCSC), Thyristor Controlled Phase Shifting Transformer (TCPST), and many others. Determination of optimal location and sizing of device injection is paramount to produce the best improvement of voltage profile and power losses reduction. In this paper, optimization of the combined advantages of TCPST and TCSC has been investigated using Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithm, being applied to the 30-bus system IEEE standard. The effectiveness of the placement and sizing of TCPST-TCSC combination has been compared to the implementation of capacitor banks. The result showed that the combination of TCPST-TCSC resulted in more effective improvement of system power losses condition than the implementation of capacitor banks.  The power losses reduction of 46.47% and 42.03% have been obtained using of TCPST-TCSC combination and capacitor banks respectively. The TCPST-TCSC and Capacitor Bank implementations by using PSO algorithm have also been compared with the implementation of Static VAR Compensator (SVC) using Artificial Bee Colony (ABC) Algorithm. The implementation of the TCSC-TCPST compensation with PSO algorithm have gave a better result than using the capacitor bank with PSO algorithm and SVC with the ABC algorithm.