A literature review of recent global developments in pipe sizing techniques with an Australian perspective

Methods of estimating pipe sizing in buildings have been largely based on the fixture unit model developed by Hunter (1942) in the USA. Although many countries use versions of Hunter's model as a pipe sizing technique it is globally recognised as an unreliable method of pipe sizing. This paper, in response to the industry's need for a new pipe sizing technique, reviews current models being developed in the United States (US) and the United Kingdom (UK) eradicating the fixture unit as a means of pipe sizing. The approach adopted by researchers in the US suggest an empirical model and although the approach taken by the UK is somewhat different they too suggest an empirical approach. The paper also reviews Australia's alternative water schemes as a means of conserving water resources and assesses the concept of oversized pumps experienced by two local Australian practitioners.