A novel treatment approach prolonging survival in an uncommon metastatic primary bladder adenocarcinoma.

Primary bladder adenocarcinoma (PBA) is an epithelial malignancy with pure glandular differentiation, without evidence of typical urothelial (transitional cell) carcinoma. PBA is rare, accounting for 0.5%-2% of all malignant bladder neoplasms, and it is seen more frequently in men than in women and is commonly diagnosed in the sixth decade of life.¹⁻³ Clinical presentation includes hematuria and symptoms of bladder irritation.² PBA is common in schistosomiasis-endemic regions and among patients with congenital bladder exstrophy (ectopia vesicae); it mostly arises in the trigone and posterior bladder wall.⁴ In contrast, urachal adenocarcinomas arise within urachal remnants (residual tissues from the embryonic allantoic stalk connecting the umbilicus and bladder), close to the dome and anterior wall of the bladder. Morphologically, PBA is classifed into enteric and nonenteric types, which includes mucinous, signetring cell variant, clear-cell type, hepatoid, and mixed forms.² Currently, there is no standard of care in the management of PBA. We present the case of a patient with metastatic PBA with intestinal differentiation and wild-type KRAS, who was treated with colorectal cancer regimens.

[1]  M. Teo,et al.  Sustained response of adenocarcinoma of the urinary bladder to FOLFOX plus bevacizumab , 2011, Nature Reviews Urology.

[2]  B. Lhermitte,et al.  Metastatic primary adenocarcinoma of the bladder in a twenty-five years old woman , 2011, Rare tumors.

[3]  E. Van Cutsem,et al.  Cetuximab and chemotherapy as initial treatment for metastatic colorectal cancer. , 2009, The New England journal of medicine.

[4]  P. Lange,et al.  Differences in survival among patients with urachal and nonurachal adenocarcinomas of the bladder , 2006, Cancer.

[5]  C. Punt,et al.  New options and old dilemmas in the treatment of patients with advanced colorectal cancer. , 2004, Annals of oncology : official journal of the European Society for Medical Oncology.

[6]  P. Dahm,et al.  Malignant non-urothelial neoplasms of the urinary bladder: a review. , 2003, European urology.

[7]  R. Millikan,et al.  Multimodality management of urachal carcinoma: the M. D. Anderson Cancer Center experience. , 2003, The Journal of urology.

[8]  A. Gown,et al.  CDX2, a Highly Sensitive and Specific Marker of Adenocarcinomas of Intestinal Origin: An Immunohistochemical Survey of 476 Primary and Metastatic Carcinomas , 2003, The American journal of surgical pathology.

[9]  Ximing J. Yang,et al.  Immunohistochemical Distinction Between Primary Adenocarcinoma of the Bladder and Secondary Colorectal Adenocarcinoma , 2001, The American journal of surgical pathology.

[10]  T. Shuin,et al.  Advanced adenocarcinoma of the urinary bladder successfully treated by the combination of cisplatinum, mitomycin‐C, etoposide and tegafur‐uracil chemotherapy , 2001, International journal of urology : official journal of the Japanese Urological Association.

[11]  P. Chu,et al.  Cytokeratin 7 and Cytokeratin 20 Expression in Epithelial Neoplasms: A Survey of 435 Cases , 2000, Modern Pathology.

[12]  M. El-baz,et al.  Primary adenocarcinoma of the urinary bladder: a report of 185 cases. , 1998, British journal of urology.

[13]  D. Grignon,et al.  Primary adenocarcinoma of the urinary bladder. A clinicopathologic analysis of 72 cases , 1991, Cancer.

[14]  C. Logothetis,et al.  Chemotherapy for adenocarcinomas of bladder and urachal origin: 5-fluorouracil, doxorubicin, and mitomycin-C. , 1985, Urology.

[15]  S. Johansson,et al.  Primary adenocarcinoma of the urinary bladder. A clinicopathologic and prognostic study , 1983, Cancer.

[16]  J. Nevin,et al.  Use of arterial infusion of 5-fluorouracil either alone or in combination with supervoltage radiation as a treatment for carcinoma of the prostate and bladder. , 1975, American journal of surgery.

[17]  N. Heney,et al.  Primary adenocarcinoma of urinary bladder. , 1983, Urology.