A database of over 2000 concrete beams, rectangular columns and walls is used to develop and calibrate rules for the calculation of the yield moment and curvature and the values of the chord rotation at a yielding end when the member yields or fails in flexure, in terms of the geometry and the mechanical characteristics of the member and its reinforcement, including the effect of retrofitting by Fibre Reinforced Plastics (FRP) or concrete jackets. The yield moment and the chord rotation at yielding are used then to determine the effective stiffness to the member yield point. These rules, some in an earlier version, have been adopted in Part 3 of Eurocode 8 for the seismic assessment and retrofitting of existing concrete buildings.
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