Comparison and Impact of Waste Heat Recovery Technologies on Passenger Car Fuel Consumption in a Normalized Driving Cycle

The purpose of this article was to compare different waste heat recovery system technologies designed for automotive applications. A complete literature review is done and results in two comparative graphs. In the second part, simulation models are built and calibrated in order to assess the fuel consumption reduction that can be achieved on a real driving cycle. The strength of this article is that the models are calibrated using actual data. Finally, those simulations results are analyzed and the Rankine cycle and turbocompound are the two most profitable solutions. However the simulations of the turbocompound shows its limitations because the impact on the exhaust pressure drop is not taken into account in the assessment of the car fuel consumption. Fuel reduction of up to 6% could be achieved, depending on the driving cycle and the waste heat recovery technology.

[1]  H. W..  The Internal Combustion Engine , 1923, Nature.

[2]  Ercang Luo,et al.  Experimental investigation of a 500 W traveling-wave thermoacoustic electricity generator , 2011 .

[3]  Denis Clodic,et al.  Combined Cycle for Hybrid Vehicles , 2005 .

[4]  Hans B. Pacejka,et al.  Tire and Vehicle Dynamics , 1982 .

[5]  Vincent Lemort,et al.  Testing and modeling a scroll expander integrated into an Organic Rankine Cycle , 2009 .

[6]  Rolf Brück,et al.  The Future of Exhaust Aftertreatment Design for Electrified DriveTrains , 2012 .

[7]  Keiko Ikoma,et al.  Thermoelectric Generator for Gasoline Engine Vehicles Using Bi 2 Te 3 Modules , 1999 .

[8]  Luke Schoensee,et al.  Automotive Thermoelectric Generator , 2014 .

[9]  Keiko Ikoma,et al.  Thermoelectric module and generator for gasoline engine vehicles , 1998, Seventeenth International Conference on Thermoelectrics. Proceedings ICT98 (Cat. No.98TH8365).

[10]  Michael Seal.  Quiet, Clean, Multi-fueled, Multi-kilowatt Thermophotovoltaic Generator , 2000 .

[11]  Carl Q. Howard,et al.  Waste-heat-driven thermoacoustic engine and refrigerator , 2009 .

[12]  Shigeru Ogino,et al.  Waste Heat Recovery of Passenger Car Using a Combination of Rankine Bottoming Cycle and Evaporative Engine Cooling System , 1993 .

[13]  Y. Hsieh,et al.  Evaporation Heat Transfer and Pressure Drop of Refrigerant R-410A Flow in a Vertical Plate Heat Exchanger , 2003 .

[14]  Edward F. Doyle,et al.  Compounding the Truck Diesel Engine with an Organic Rankine-Cycle System , 1976 .

[15]  Takahashi Kazuya,et al.  Study on Maximizing Exergy in Automotive Engines , 2007 .

[16]  James P. Szybist,et al.  A Highly Efficient Six-Stroke Internal Combustion Engine Cycle with Water Injection for In-Cylinder Exhaust Heat Recovery , 2010 .

[17]  Raymond Freymann,et al.  The turbosteamer: A system introducing the principle of cogeneration in automotive applications , 2008 .

[18]  G. Swift,et al.  A thermoacoustic-Stirling heat engine: detailed study , 2000, The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America.

[19]  Tilmann Abbe Horst,et al.  The Second Generation Turbosteamer , 2012, MTZ worldwide.

[20]  Vincent Lemort,et al.  Experimental investigations of the valorization of the exhaust waste heat of a gasoline engine based on a Rankine cycle , 2014 .

[21]  N. B. Elsner,et al.  Performance of the 1 kW thermoelectric generator for diesel engines , 1994 .

[22]  Guohui Zhu,et al.  A new approach for exhaust energy recovery of internal combustion engine: Steam turbocharging , 2013 .

[23]  Michael Seal,et al.  Use of a thermophotovoltaic generator in a hybrid electric vehicle , 1999 .