Hemispherical-directional reflectance factor measurements of snow on the Greenland Ice Sheet during the Radiation, Snow Characteristics and Albedo at Summit (RASCALS) campaign

Abstract During the summer of 2010 a snow measurement campaign was carried out at Greenland Environmental Observatory, on Greenland Ice Sheet. Broadband snow albedo (bihemispherical reflectance), spectral hemispherical conical reflectance factor, temperature, density and other physical parameters were measured. Especially, the Hemispherical Directional Reflectance Factor (HDRF) of 46 snow samples was measured using the Finnish Geodetic Institute Field Goniospectrometer (FIGIFIGO). Additionally, linear polarization (Stokes parameters I , Q , and U ), or Muller matrix elements R 11 , R 12 , and R 13 , were measured from some samples. Albedo was also calculated from the HDRF and these values were compared to those from the albedometer. Values were found to be within 3% of each other, which is within the accuracy limits of the instruments. We also compared our results to previous measurements at the Summit (by Bourgeois et al. during 2005 and Carmagnola et al. during 2011) and found our results to be in agreement with their measurements. Compared to previous studies, our measurements have full solar spectrum spectral coverage and linear polarization.

[1]  M. Holland,et al.  Polar amplification of climate change in coupled models , 2003 .

[2]  T. Manninen,et al.  CLARA-SAL: a global 28 yr timeseries of Earth's black-sky surface albedo , 2012 .

[3]  Stephen G. Warren,et al.  Optical Properties of Snow , 1982 .

[4]  Antony D. Clarke,et al.  Light-absorbing impurities in Arctic snow , 2010 .

[5]  S. Warren,et al.  Spectral Bidirectional Reflectance of Antarctic Snow: Measurements and Parameterization , 2006 .

[6]  Spectropolarised ray-tracing simulations in densely packed particulate medium , 2007 .

[7]  Teemu Hakala,et al.  The Radiation, snow characteristics and albedo at summit (RASCALS) expedition report , 2011 .

[8]  Teemu Hakala,et al.  Land Surface Albedos Computed from BRF Measurements with a Study of Conversion Formulae , 2010, Remote. Sens..

[9]  Terhikki Manninen,et al.  Observed changes in the albedo of the Arctic sea-ice zone for the period 1982–2009 , 2013 .

[10]  Laurent Arnaud,et al.  Snow spectral albedo at Summit, Greenland: measurements and numerical simulations based on physical and chemical properties of the snowpack , 2013 .

[11]  P. Kushner,et al.  The dynamical response to snow cover perturbations in a large ensemble of atmospheric GCM integrations. , 2008 .

[12]  T. Painter,et al.  Measurements of the hemispherical-directional reflectance of snow at fine spectral and angular resolution , 2004 .

[13]  Stephen G. Warren,et al.  Effect of surface roughness on bidirectional reflectance of Antarctic snow , 1998 .

[14]  E. Puttonen,et al.  Reflectance of various snow types: measurements, modeling, and potential for snow melt monitoring , 2010 .

[15]  Zoe Courville,et al.  Comparing MODIS daily snow albedo to spectral albedo field measurements in Central Greenland , 2014 .

[16]  Teemu Hakala,et al.  Polarised Multiangular Reflectance Measurements Using the Finnish Geodetic Institute Field Goniospectrometer , 2009, Sensors.

[17]  Jeff Dozier,et al.  Reflectance and Transmittance of Snow at High Spectral Resolution , 1989, 12th Canadian Symposium on Remote Sensing Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium,.

[18]  Teruo Aoki,et al.  Effects of snow physical parameters on spectral albedo and bidirectional reflectance of snow surface , 2000 .

[19]  A. Ohmura,et al.  A field study of the hemispherical directional reflectance factor and spectral albedo of dry snow , 2006 .

[20]  J. Curry,et al.  Applications of SHEBA/FIRE data to evaluation of snow/ice albedo parameterizations , 2001 .

[21]  A. G. Mungall,et al.  The Luminous Directional Reflectance of Snow , 1952 .

[22]  F. E. Nicodemus,et al.  Geometrical considerations and nomenclature for reflectance , 1977 .

[23]  Y. Arnaud,et al.  High-accuracy measurements of snow Bidirectional Reflectance Distribution Function at visible and NIR wavelengths - comparison with modelling results , 2009 .