Shape memory actuator systems and the use of thermoelectric modules

Thermally activated shape memory materials have been employed as actuators fora number of years. They are generally activated by electrical resistance heaters, or sometimes by direct electrical resistance. Thermoelectric modules can also provide activation energy, and they provide several unique advantages over the more conventional heating methods. Antagonistic Shape Memory Actuator systems, the utilization of thermoelectric modules as heaters, and the advantages and practical approaches for utilizing actuators employing thermoelectrics are discussed.