Complete Synchronization of Chaotic Oscillations in Coupled Time-Delay Systems

Historically, synchronization phenomenon dates back to the period of Christiaan Huygens (1629–1695), who in 1665 found that two very weakly coupled pendulum clocks, hanging from the same beam, become anti-phase synchronized [1]. Since the early identification of synchronization in coupled chaotic oscillators [2–4], the phenomenon has attracted considerable research activity in different areas of science, and several generalizations and interesting applications have been developed [1, 5–9]. Chaos synchronization is of interest not only from a theoretical point of view but also has potential applications in diverse areas involving physical, chemical, biological, neurological, electrical and fluid mechanical systems. In particular, possible applications of chaos synchronization include secure communication, cryptography, controlling, long term prediction, optimization of nonlinear system performance, modelling brain activity, pattern recognition, and so on [1–18].