Technische Entwicklung, Bau und Test von Brenngaserzeugungskomponenten

Unter dem Begriff „Brenngaserzeugung“ wird die Umwandlung von Kraftstoffen, die aus sehr unterschiedlichen Kohlenwasserstoffen zusammengesetzt sein konnen, in ein Gasgemisch verstanden, das zu einem erheblichen Anteil aus Wasserstoff besteht und in die Anode einer Brennstoffzelle geleitet werden kann. Es werden die drei wesentlichen Komponenten der Brenngaserzeugung vorgestellt. Der autotherme Reformer wandelt den flussigen Kraftstoff in einem katalytischen Prozess zusammen mit Wasserdampf und Luft in ein wasserstoffreiches Gasgemisch, das sogenannte Reformat, um. Der Wasser-Gas-Shift Reaktor hat die Funktion, die Konzentration an Kohlenmonoxid im Reformat deutlich zu verringern. Zu hohe Konzentrationen an Kohlenmonoxid im Eduktgasstrom der Brennstoffzelle fuhren zu einer adsorptiven Vergiftung der katalytisch aktiven Zentren in der Anode der Brennstoffzelle. Der katalytische Brenner hat zwei wesentliche Funktionen. Zum einen werden in seinem katalytischen Teil die brennbaren Komponenten zu Kohlendioxid und Wasser umgesetzt. Zum anderen wird im Warmeaustauscher des katalytischen Brenners ein wesentlicher Teil des Wasserstroms, der fur die autotherme Reformierung benotigt wird, verdampft und uberhitzt.

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