IMPACT OF WATER AND NUTRIENT MANAGEMENT ON THE NUTRITIONAL QUALITY OF WHEAT

Field experiments were conducted in 2002–03 and 2003–04 growing seasons to determine wheat response to four irrigation regimes applied at different growth stages and four nitrogen levels of 0, 50, 100, and 150 kg nitrogen (N) ha−1. The experiment was conducted at the research area of the Department of Crop Physiology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan. Recommended wheat variety “Inqlab-91” was used as the experimental crop. Both irrigation and nitrogen application have positive effects on grain yield increase. The grain crude protein decreased with increasing number of irrigations whereas in contrast, nitrogen application significantly improved grain crude protein at all irrigation levels. Grain phosphorus (P) and potassium (K) percentage increased with the application of irrigation and nitrogen. Grain yield, number of spikes m−2, grains spike−1 and grain weight responses were greater at the higher N rates. Mean grain yield in four, three and two irrigation treatments compared with that in one irrigation treatment increased 47, 23, and 9% during 2002–03 and 91, 84, and 23% in 2003–04, respectively. Water deficit reduced spikes m−2. In both years, the average reduction in spikes m−2 at maximum irrigation deficit (one irrigation) at all N levels was 24%. Similar reduction occurred in grains spike−1 where water deficit decreased this component on an average of 36%.

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