Evidence for the presence of a neutral insulinotrophic peptide in the porcine duodenum.

A crude mixture of thermostable peptides extracted from porcine duodenum was fractionated by electrofocusing. A neutral fraction, different from the basic fractions of GIP, VIP, PHI, and CCK was found to promote insulin secretion when injected in vivo to normal rats. This neutral fraction, extracted from the crude mixture by chromatography, stimulated insulin output from an isolated rat pancreas and enhanced glucose-induced insulin release. The insulinotrophic effect of this partially purified duodeno-jejunal material disappeared following digestion with trypsin. The insulin-releasing activity was found to correspond to a compound of molecular weight higher than that of insulin (i.e. higher than 6000). No GIP-like immunoreactivity was found in this neutral fraction indicating that the active peptide(s) are not GIP related compounds. These observations suggest that porcine duodenum contains and incretin activity different from that of the insulinotrophic factors already reported.

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