The standard energetics of mammalian carnivores : Felidae and Hyaenidae

Data concerning the energy expenditure of nine species in the family Felidae and one species in the family Hyaenidae are presented, all of which were obtained under standard conditions. An examination of basal rates of metabolism in these felids and in two species reported in the literature indicates that basal rate is primarily correlated with body mass; of these species, nine have a high basal metabolic rate by general mammalian standards, the two exceptions being the margay and jaguarundi. The low basal metabolic rate of the margay may be related to its arboreal habit in association with small muscle mass, but the reason for the low rate in the jaguarundi is unknown. The omnivo- rous striped hyaena and termitivorous aardwolf have typical mammalian basal rates. Felids that weigh less than 7 kg have slightly low minimal thermal conductances relative to mammals generally; larger species have high conductances. Felids have slightly high body temperatures. Resume : On trouvera ici des donnees recueillies dans des conditions classiques sur la depense energetique chez neuf especes de Felidae et une espece d'Hyaenidae. L'examen du taux de metabolisme de base chez ces felides et chez deux especes mentionnees dans la litterature a revele que le taux de base est surtout relie a la masse totale; parmi ces especes, neuf ont un taux de metabolisme de base eleve comparativement aux mammiferes en general, a l'exception du margay et du jaguarundi. Le taux de metabolisme peu eleve du margay est probablement attribuable a ses moeurs arboricoles et a sa masse musculaire reduite, mais le taux de metabolisme de base peu eleve du jaguarundi n'a pu etre explique. La Hyene rayee, animal omnivore, et le Protele, un termitivore, ont des metabolismes de base typiques de mammiferes. Les Felidae dont la masse est inferieur ea7k g ont uneconductance thermique minimale legerement faible; les especes plus grandes ont une conductance elevee. Chez les Felidae, la temperature du corps est legerement elevee. (Traduit par la Redaction) 2239 McNab

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