Neuroleptic malignant syndrome and catatonia: One entity or two?

(Alder et al 1985). Both patients were heavy smokers, and tobacco smoking has been shown to interfere with the protective action of estrogens on bone mineralization. Pocock et al (1989) showed this difference in the lumbar spine and proximal femur bone densities in identical twins discordant for smoking. Polydipsia is another potential risk factor for osteoporosis, since the resulting secondary polyuria may cause excess loss of urinary calcium. Delva et al (1989) have demonstrated reduced BMD in 10 young male schizophrenic patients with polydipsia. If the prevalence and severity of osteoporosis is elevated among persons with chronic schizophrenia, then it represents a medical condition that should receive additional attention.

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