Smartphone-Based Food Diagnostic Technologies: A Review

A new generation of mobile sensing approaches offers significant advantages over traditional platforms in terms of test speed, control, low cost, ease-of-operation, and data management, and requires minimal equipment and user involvement. The marriage of novel sensing technologies with cellphones enables the development of powerful lab-on-smartphone platforms for many important applications including medical diagnosis, environmental monitoring, and food safety analysis. This paper reviews the recent advancements and developments in the field of smartphone-based food diagnostic technologies, with an emphasis on custom modules to enhance smartphone sensing capabilities. These devices typically comprise multiple components such as detectors, sample processors, disposable chips, batteries and software, which are integrated with a commercial smartphone. One of the most important aspects of developing these systems is the integration of these components onto a compact and lightweight platform that requires minimal power. To date, researchers have demonstrated several promising approaches employing various sensing techniques and device configurations. We aim to provide a systematic classification according to the detection strategy, providing a critical discussion of strengths and weaknesses. We have also extended the analysis to the food scanning devices that are increasingly populating the Internet of Things (IoT) market, demonstrating how this field is indeed promising, as the research outputs are quickly capitalized on new start-up companies.

[1]  Aydogan Ozcan,et al.  Mobile phones democratize and cultivate next-generation imaging, diagnostics and measurement tools. , 2014, Lab on a chip.

[2]  Benoît d'Humières,et al.  Mini and micro spectrometers pave the way to on-field advanced analytics , 2016, SPIE OPTO.

[3]  A. Ozcan,et al.  Quantum dot enabled detection of Escherichia coli using a cell-phone. , 2012, The Analyst.

[4]  Hoonsoo Lee,et al.  Detection of fecal contamination on beef meat surfaces using handheld fluorescence imaging device (HFID) , 2016, SPIE Commercial + Scientific Sensing and Imaging.

[5]  Heikki Saari,et al.  MEMS FPI-based smartphone hyperspectral imager , 2016, SPIE Commercial + Scientific Sensing and Imaging.

[6]  Vishnu Prasad,et al.  Diffractive interference optical analyzer (DiOPTER) , 2016, SPIE BiOS.

[7]  Ramesh Raskar,et al.  Ultra-portable, wireless smartphone spectrometer for rapid, non-destructive testing of fruit ripeness , 2016, Scientific Reports.

[8]  Kaiqi Su,et al.  A sensing smartphone and its portable accessory for on-site rapid biochemical detection of marine toxins , 2016 .

[9]  Can Fang,et al.  Disposable lateral flow-through strip for smartphone-camera to quantitatively detect alkaline phosphatase activity in milk. , 2015, Biosensors & bioelectronics.

[10]  Qingjun Liu,et al.  Biosensors and bioelectronics on smartphone for portable biochemical detection. , 2016, Biosensors & bioelectronics.

[11]  Saurabh Levin,et al.  Monitoring of fluoride in water samples using a smartphone. , 2016, The Science of the total environment.

[12]  Jiye Shi,et al.  Portable detection of clenbuterol using a smartphone-based electrochemical biosensor with electric field-driven acceleration , 2016 .

[13]  Aldo Roda,et al.  Smartphone-based biosensors: A critical review and perspectives , 2016 .

[14]  Tingrui Pan,et al.  Smartphone-interfaced lab-on-a-chip devices for field-deployable enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. , 2014, Biomicrofluidics.

[15]  Subrayal M. Reddy,et al.  Use of plastic-based analytical device, smartphone and chemometric tools to discriminate amines , 2015 .

[16]  Kenji Wada,et al.  Proposal of AAA-battery-size one-shot ATR Fourier spectroscopic imager for on-site analysis: Simultaneous measurement of multi-components with high accuracy , 2015, Photonics West - Biomedical Optics.

[17]  法布瑞斯·卡拉米 Optical measurement system , 2010 .

[18]  Fabio Augusto,et al.  Point-of-use electroanalytical platform based on homemade potentiostat and smartphone for multivariate data processing , 2016 .

[19]  Andrea A. Mencaglia,et al.  SpiderSpec: a low-cost compact colorimeter with IoT functionality , 2015, Asia Pacific Optical Sensors Conference.

[20]  Jee-Hyun Kim,et al.  Food contamination monitoring via internet of things, exemplified by using pocket-sized immunosensor as terminal unit , 2016 .

[21]  Chao-Min Cheng,et al.  Point-of-Care Detection Devices for Food Safety Monitoring: Proactive Disease Prevention. , 2017, Trends in biotechnology.

[22]  Tu San Park,et al.  Rapid and reagentless detection of microbial contamination within meat utilizing a smartphone-based biosensor , 2014, Scientific Reports.

[23]  Yun Wang,et al.  A smartphone-based colorimetric reader coupled with a remote server for rapid on-site catechols analysis. , 2016, Talanta.

[24]  Aydogan Ozcan,et al.  Mobile Phone-Based Microscopy, Sensing, and Diagnostics , 2016, IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Quantum Electronics.

[25]  Qipeng Lu,et al.  Development of a Handheld Spectrometer Based on a Linear Variable Filter and a Complementary Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Detector for Measuring the Internal Quality of Fruit , 2016 .

[26]  Lúcio Angnes,et al.  A simple paper-strip colorimetric method utilizing dehydrogenase enzymes for analysis of food components , 2015 .

[27]  Aydogan Ozcan,et al.  A personalized food allergen testing platform on a cellphone. , 2013, Lab on a chip.

[28]  Giyoung Kim,et al.  Performance Improvement of the One-Dot Lateral Flow Immunoassay for Aflatoxin B1 by Using a Smartphone-Based Reading System , 2013, Sensors.

[29]  Pasquale Daponte,et al.  State of the Art and Future Developments of Measurement Applications on Smartphones , 2013, SENSORNETS.

[30]  Ke Yang,et al.  Novel developments in mobile sensing based on the integration of microfluidic devices and smartphones. , 2016, Lab on a chip.

[31]  James P. Landers,et al.  Optical Imaging of Paramagnetic Bead-DNA Aggregation Inhibition Allows for Low Copy Number Detection of Infectious Pathogens , 2015, PloS one.

[32]  Lin Wang,et al.  Advances in Smartphone-Based Point-of-Care Diagnostics , 2015, Proceedings of the IEEE.

[33]  Hongying Zhu,et al.  Cellphone-based detection platform for rbST biomarker analysis in milk extracts using a microsphere fluorescence immunoassay , 2014, Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry.

[34]  Xiyuan Liu,et al.  Smartphones for Cell and Biomolecular Detection , 2014, Annals of Biomedical Engineering.

[35]  Tu San Park,et al.  Paper microfluidics for red wine tasting , 2014 .

[36]  Dandan Wang,et al.  Smartphones for sensing , 2016 .

[37]  Wendelin J Stark,et al.  Programmable living material containing reporter micro-organisms permits quantitative detection of oligosaccharides. , 2015, Biomaterials.

[38]  Antony Harfield,et al.  An iPhone-based digital image colorimeter for detecting tetracycline in milk. , 2015, Food chemistry.