Neural mechanisms of visuomotor coordination: the evolution of Rana computatrix

This paper reviews the “evolution” of Rana computatrix, a set of models of the neural architectures and functions that underlie visually guided behavior in frogs and toads. We introduce arrays of leaky integrator neurons as the style of neural modeling most used in Rana computatrix to date, and briefly discuss the technique of back-propagation. We then present the methodology of schema theory, which integrates perception and action by decomposing an overall behavior into the interaction of functional, neurally explicable, units called schemas. Finally, we present an overview of work on Rana computatrix, making use of data presented in this volume — not only on frogs and toads but comparative studies of other species — to point to future directions for research. We consider models for prey-selection, depth perception, detour behavior, approach and avoidance, tectal columns (for facilitation and pattern recognition), retina, habituation and memory, and generation of motor behavior.

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