Physical properties and fiber dimension in Stem, Branch and root of Alder Wood

The aim of this study was to determine physical properties and fiber dimensions in stem, branch and root wood for alder (Alnus glutinosa L) species. For this purpose, three normal alder trees were selected from Khanican forest in north of Iran. Disks were taken from three parts such as stem, branch and root of trees. Testing samples were randomly taken at disk surfaces to examine the physical properties (according to the ISO standard for oven-dry density and volumetric shrinkage) and fiber dimension (fiber length, fiber diameter and lumen diameter according to the Franklin method). Analysis of variance (ANOVA) indicated that the wood samples had significant difference on the wood density, volumetric shrinkage, fiber length, fiber diameter and lumen diameter. The highest wood density, volumetric shrinkage and fiber length was found in stem wood, whereas root wood had a lighter density, larger fiber diameter and larger fiber lumen diameter. The branch wood had the lowest fiber dimensions (fiber length, fiber diameter and lumen diameter) compared to other wood sample parts. The relationship between wood density and volumetric shrinkage were determined by regression model. These relationships in root wood were very weaker compared to stem wood and branch wood.

[1]  Bruce J. Zobel,et al.  Wood Variation: Its Causes and Control , 1989 .

[2]  J. Casey.  Pulp and paper : chemistry and chemical technology , 1960 .

[3]  Y. Çöpür,et al.  Some Chemical, Physical and Mechanical Properties of Juvenile Wood from Black Pine (Pinus nigra Arnold) Plantations , 2007 .

[4]  Motoo Miyake,et al.  Wood Characteristics and Kraft Pulp Properties of Hardwood grown in Hokkaido , 1968 .

[5]  K. Frimpong-Mensah,et al.  Characterization of strength properties of branchwood and stemwood of some tropical hardwood species , 2004, Wood Science and Technology.

[6]  J. Conroy,et al.  Wood density and anatomy of water-limited eucalypts. , 2004, Tree physiology.

[7]  James P. Casey,et al.  Properties of paper and converting , 1952 .

[8]  R. Okai,et al.  Characterization of Physical and Mechanical Properties of Branch, Stem and Root Wood of Iroko and Emire Tropical Trees , 2012 .

[9]  E. T. Howard.  Physical and chemical properties of slash pine tree parts , 1972 .

[10]  I. Bektas,et al.  The Determination of Some Physical Properties of Beech Wood (Fagus orientalis Lipsky.) in the Andırın Region , 2001 .

[11]  A. Wardrop,et al.  FACTORS INFLUENCING TRACHEID LENGTH IN CONIFER STEMS , 1951 .

[12]  L. Ganio,et al.  Bayesian analysis of Douglas-fir hydraulic architecture at multiple scales , 2006, Trees.

[13]  D. Anderson,et al.  Effect of fiber length and coarseness on the burst strength of paper , 1999 .

[14]  J. Bowyer,et al.  Forest Products and Wood Science , 2019 .

[15]  K. M. Bhat.  A Note on Cellular Proportions and Basic Density of Lateral Roots in Birch , 1982 .

[16]  Y. Tamai,et al.  Investigation of relationships between cell and pulp properties in Eucalyptus by examination of within-tree property variations , 2001, Wood Science and Technology.

[17]  G. Psaras,et al.  STEM AND ROOT WOOD ANATOMY OF THE SHRUB PHLOMIS FRUTICOSA (LABIATAE) , 2004 .