A graphic/photographic arthroscopy simulator

This thesis describes the design and implementation of a computer based training system for arthroscopic surgery. The goal of this system is to enhance a doctor's spatial visualization of the procedure by primarily addressing the navigational component of the learning task. Arthroscopy is used both for diagnostic and surgical procedures in the knee and other joints. In the arthroscopic procedure, a viewing probe is inserted into the knee (or other joint) from one location, and surgical tools are inserted from others. The surgeon performs procedures that vary in complexity depending on the operation being performed, while limited to the fish-eye view of the anatomy provided through the viewing scope. Surgeons generally practice this procedure on artificial knees that replicate the anatomical features of the knee. This system uses an instrumented arthroscope providing positioning information to direct a computer graphic work station. The computer graphics generated are used to augment the photographic images that originate from the arthroscope. The physical and functional characteristics of the graphic/photographic arthroscopy simulator are described. Principles relevant to the design, construction and application of the system are given, and present and future applications are discussed. The work reported herein was supported by the Medical Simulation Foundation.

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