Angle-range-polarization-dependent beamforming for polarization sensitive frequency diverse array

In this paper, we present a polarization sensitive frequency diverse array (PSFDA), which benefits both from frequency diverse array (FDA) and polarization sensitive array (PSA), producing angle-range-polarization-dependent beamforming capability. To simultaneously improve the angle, range and polarization resolution, the ℓ1-norm minimization-based sparse constraint and ℓ∞-norm constraint for sidelobe region are further applied. Besides, the performance of the optimal output signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR) is analyzed for such a high-dimensional arrays. Numerical results demonstrate that the proposed PSFDA provides both range and polarization resolution as well as target angle estimation. Moreover, the PSFDA virtually increases the array size by exploiting multiple electromagnetic fields at each physical point. In addition, the proposed beamforming method can effectively null interferences, without degrading the array gain for the signals of interest.