Parallel rules based classifier using DNA strand displacement for multiple molecular markers detection

The detection of molecular markers such as micro ribonucleic acid (miRNA) expression levels in the cells are essential for diagnosis of a disease, especially cancer. Recently, a huge amount of molecular markers on cell is being extracted by single molecular detection method, as results, excessively detection process and time is required. Meanwhile DNA computing has capabilities to interact with biological nucleic acids and massively parallel processing, we propose parallel rule-based classifier using DNA strand displacement reaction as method of detecting multiple molecular markers. Two DNA reaction of parallel sensing and encoding system of the IF-THEN rules have been developed in our proposed model. In this paper, we compared between the proposed method and the AND gate method for the classification result. Moreover, based on the simulation results show that our method is possible as an alternative solution for the programmable fast big molecular markers detection and diagnosis.

[1]  Jehoshua Bruck,et al.  Neural network computation with DNA strand displacement cascades , 2011, Nature.

[2]  Kosuke Sekiyama,et al.  Building a Parallel Decision-Making System Based on Rule-Based Classifiers in Molecular Robotics , 2015 .

[3]  G. Felsenfeld,et al.  The physical and chemical properties of nucleic acids. , 1967, Annual review of biochemistry.

[4]  R. Yuan,et al.  Cascaded strand displacement for non-enzymatic target recycling amplification and label-free electronic detection of microRNA from tumor cells. , 2016, Analytica chimica acta.

[5]  J. Aronson Biomarkers and surrogate endpoints. , 2005, British journal of clinical pharmacology.

[6]  David I. Lewin,et al.  DNA computing , 2002, Comput. Sci. Eng..

[7]  D. Y. Zhang,et al.  Engineering Entropy-Driven Reactions and Networks Catalyzed by DNA , 2007, Science.

[8]  Lulu Qian,et al.  Supporting Online Material Materials and Methods Figs. S1 to S6 Tables S1 to S4 References and Notes Scaling up Digital Circuit Computation with Dna Strand Displacement Cascades , 2022 .

[9]  A. Turberfield,et al.  A DNA-fuelled molecular machine made of DNA , 2022 .

[10]  Tomasz Popławski,et al.  [DNA computing]. , 2011, Postepy biochemii.

[11]  Xiang Zhou,et al.  A DNA logic gate based on strand displacement reaction and rolling circle amplification, responding to multiple low-abundance DNA fragment input signals, and its application in detecting miRNAs. , 2015, Chemical communications.

[12]  Yun Xiang,et al.  DNA-fueled molecular machine enables enzyme-free target recycling amplification for electronic detection of microRNA from cancer cells with highly minimized background noise. , 2015, Analytical chemistry.

[13]  Xiang Zhou,et al.  A review: microRNA detection methods. , 2015, Organic & biomolecular chemistry.

[14]  R. Aharonov,et al.  MicroRNAs accurately identify cancer tissue origin , 2008, Nature Biotechnology.

[15]  M. Fournier,et al.  A need for basic research on fluid-based early detection biomarkers. , 2010, Cancer research.

[16]  V. Ambros The functions of animal microRNAs , 2004, Nature.

[17]  J. Somberg,et al.  Biomarkers and surrogate endpoints. , 1999, American journal of therapeutics.

[18]  G. Seelig,et al.  Enzyme-Free Nucleic Acid Logic Circuits , 2022 .