Infrared Patch-Image Model for Small Target Detection in a Single Image

The robust detection of small targets is one of the key techniques in infrared search and tracking applications. A novel small target detection method in a single infrared image is proposed in this paper. Initially, the traditional infrared image model is generalized to a new infrared patch-image model using local patch construction. Then, because of the non-local self-correlation property of the infrared background image, based on the new model small target detection is formulated as an optimization problem of recovering low-rank and sparse matrices, which is effectively solved using stable principle component pursuit. Finally, a simple adaptive segmentation method is used to segment the target image and the segmentation result can be refined by post-processing. Extensive synthetic and real data experiments show that under different clutter backgrounds the proposed method not only works more stably for different target sizes and signal-to-clutter ratio values, but also has better detection performance compared with conventional baseline methods.

[1]  Jiaxiong Peng,et al.  An extended track-before-detect algorithm for infrared target detection , 1997 .

[2]  Meng Hwa Er,et al.  Max-mean and max-median filters for detection of small targets , 1999, Optics & Photonics.

[3]  Zhong Chen,et al.  Infrared small target detection based on modified local entropy and EMD , 2010 .

[4]  Tamar Peli,et al.  Morphology-based algorithm for point target detection in infrared backgrounds , 1993, Defense, Security, and Sensing.

[5]  James R. Zeidler,et al.  Analysis of multiframe target detection using pixel statistics , 1995 .

[6]  Dana H. Brooks,et al.  Detecting small moving objects using temporal hypothesis testing , 2002 .

[7]  Tianxu Zhang,et al.  Moving weak point target detection and estimation with three-dimensional double directional filter in IR cluttered background , 2005 .

[8]  Xiangzhi Bai,et al.  Analysis of different modified top-hat transformations based on structuring element construction , 2010, Signal Process..

[9]  Tianxu Zhang,et al.  Novel dim target detection and estimation algorithm based on double threshold partial differential equation , 2006 .

[10]  Xiaodong Li,et al.  Stable Principal Component Pursuit , 2010, 2010 IEEE International Symposium on Information Theory.

[11]  Zhiguo Cao,et al.  Fast new small-target detection algorithm based on a modified partial differential equation in infrared clutter , 2007 .

[12]  Charles Kervrann,et al.  Optimal Spatial Adaptation for Patch-Based Image Denoising , 2006, IEEE Transactions on Image Processing.

[13]  Yuan Cao,et al.  Small Target Detection Using Two-Dimensional Least Mean Square (TDLMS) Filter Based on Neighborhood Analysis , 2008 .

[14]  Jonathan Martin Mooney,et al.  Tracking point targets in cloud clutter , 1997, Defense, Security, and Sensing.

[15]  David Allen Langan,et al.  Spatial processing techniques for the detection of small targets in IR clutter , 1990 .

[16]  Yi Ma,et al.  The Augmented Lagrange Multiplier Method for Exact Recovery of Corrupted Low-Rank Matrices , 2010, Journal of structural biology.

[17]  Alexander G. Gray,et al.  QUIC-SVD: Fast SVD Using Cosine Trees , 2008, NIPS.

[18]  J. Ardouin.  Point source detection based on point spread function symmetry , 1993 .

[19]  R. Iltis,et al.  A tracking algorithm for infrared images based on reduced sufficient statistics , 1997, IEEE Transactions on Aerospace and Electronic Systems.

[20]  Yong Yu,et al.  Robust Recovery of Subspace Structures by Low-Rank Representation , 2010, IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence.

[21]  Yi Ma,et al.  Robust principal component analysis? , 2009, JACM.

[22]  Delian Liu,et al.  Temporal Profile Based Small Moving Target Detection Algorithm in Infrared Image Sequences , 2007 .

[23]  Ronda Venkateswarlu,et al.  Adaptive mean and variance filter for detection of dim point-like targets , 2002, SPIE Defense + Commercial Sensing.

[24]  Jian Liu,et al.  Small infrared target fusion detection based on support vector machines in the wavelet domain , 2006 .

[25]  Larry B. Stotts,et al.  Optical moving target detection with 3-D matched filtering , 1988 .

[26]  Sungho Kim,et al.  Scale invariant small target detection by optimizing signal-to-clutter ratio in heterogeneous background for infrared search and track , 2012, Pattern Recognit..

[27]  Tianxu Zhang,et al.  Clutter-adaptive infrared small target detection in infrared maritime scenarios , 2011 .

[28]  James R. Zeidler,et al.  Performance evaluation of 2-D adaptive prediction filters for detection of small objects in image data , 1993, IEEE Trans. Image Process..

[29]  David Thomas,et al.  The Art in Computer Programming , 2001 .

[30]  Arvind Ganesh,et al.  Fast Convex Optimization Algorithms for Exact Recovery of a Corrupted Low-Rank Matrix , 2009 .

[31]  Roger Fortin,et al.  Detection of dim targets in digital infrared imagery by morphological image processing , 1996 .

[32]  Lei Zhang,et al.  A Cyclic Weighted Median Method for L1 Low-Rank Matrix Factorization with Missing Entries , 2013, AAAI.

[33]  James R. Zeidler,et al.  Enhanced detectability of small objects in correlated clutter using an improved 2-D adaptive lattice algorithm , 1997, IEEE Trans. Image Process..

[34]  Tianqi Zhang,et al.  Small infrared target detection using sparse ring representation , 2012, IEEE Aerospace and Electronic Systems Magazine.

[35]  Benjamin Friedlander,et al.  A Frequency Domain Algorithm for Multiframe Detection and Estimation of Dim Targets , 1990, IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell..

[36]  Yan Xiong,et al.  An extended track-before-detect algorithm for infrared target detection , 1997, IEEE Transactions on Aerospace and Electronic Systems.

[37]  Tae-Wuk Bae,et al.  Small target detection using bilateral filter and temporal cross product in infrared images , 2011 .

[38]  Zhang Peng,et al.  The design of Top-Hat morphological filter and application to infrared target detection , 2006 .

[39]  Mahmood R. Azimi-Sadjadi,et al.  Two-dimensional block diagonal LMS adaptive filtering , 1994, IEEE Trans. Signal Process..

[40]  Jean-Michel Morel,et al.  Nonlocal Image and Movie Denoising , 2008, International Journal of Computer Vision.

[41]  Guillermo Sapiro,et al.  Non-local sparse models for image restoration , 2009, 2009 IEEE 12th International Conference on Computer Vision.

[42]  Zhengrong Zuo,et al.  A Dim Small Infrared Moving Target Detection Algorithm Based on Improved Three-Dimensional Directional Filtering , 2013 .

[43]  Alexander Toet,et al.  Small maritime target detection through false color fusion , 2008, SPIE Defense + Commercial Sensing.

[44]  Chen Wang,et al.  A Kernel-Based Nonparametric Regression Method for Clutter Removal in Infrared Small-Target Detection Applications , 2010, IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters.

[45]  James W. Modestino,et al.  Spatiotemporal multiscan adaptive matched filtering , 1995, Optics & Photonics.

[46]  Xie Yongchun,et al.  Modified top-hat transformation based on contour structuring element to detect infrared small target , 2008, 2008 3rd IEEE Conference on Industrial Electronics and Applications.

[47]  Jean-Michel Morel,et al.  A non-local algorithm for image denoising , 2005, 2005 IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR'05).

[48]  Sung Yong Shin,et al.  On pixel-based texture synthesis by non-parametric sampling , 2006, Comput. Graph..

[49]  Deyu Meng,et al.  Robust Matrix Factorization with Unknown Noise , 2013, 2013 IEEE International Conference on Computer Vision.