Phase transformation and recrystallization kinetics in space–time domain during isothermal compressions for Ti–6Al–4V analyzed by multi-field and multi-scale coupling FEM

Abstract The spatio-temporal phase transformation and dynamic recrystallization (DRX) behaviors during isothermal compression including resistance heating, temperature-holding and compressing steps, would significantly influence the microstructure of materials. In order to understand these behaviors of Ti–6Al–4V alloy during isothermal compression, a finite element (FE) analysis model on the basis of multi-field coupling and multi-scale coupling methods was developed. A series of simulations for the compressions corresponding to different strain rates and temperatures were implemented. The results show that in the resistance heating process, the volume fraction of α-phase keeps constant till a certain α → β critical transformation moment, following which it decreases continuously till the heating process ends. The phase volume fraction in the radial direction is distributed uniformly, while in the axial direction it is distributed non-uniformly. At the beginning of temperature-holding process, the volume fraction of α-phase decreases sharply, following which increases gradually till the end. During isothermal compression, the volume fraction of α-phase is maintained, and the spatial distribution of α-phase gets more homogeneous. The DRX volume fraction increases with deformation at a certain strain rate, and decreases with increasing strain rate. Finally, the finite element (FE) analysis was validated by the microstructure observations.

[1]  Yuyong Chen,et al.  Hot deformation behavior and dynamic recrystallization of a β-solidifying TiAl alloy , 2016 .

[2]  J. Yeom,et al.  Prediction of Microstructure Evolution in Hot Backward Extrusion of Ti-6Al-4V Alloy , 2012 .

[3]  R. Pederson,et al.  Use of high temperature X-ray diffractometry to study phase transitions and thermal expansion properties in Ti-6Al-4V , 2003 .

[4]  W. Sha,et al.  Finite element modeling of the morphology of β to α phase transformation in Ti-6Al-4V alloy , 2002 .

[5]  Jie Zhou,et al.  Prediction of flow stress in a wide temperature range involving phase transformation for as-cast Ti–6Al–2Zr–1Mo–1V alloy by artificial neural network , 2013 .

[6]  B. Tang,et al.  Texture evolution and dynamic recrystallization in a beta titanium alloy during hot-rolling process , 2015 .

[7]  L. Fratini,et al.  FEM based prediction of phase transformations during Friction Stir Welding of Ti6Al4V titanium alloy , 2013 .

[8]  A. Wilson,et al.  Differential scanning calorimetry study and computer modeling of β ⇒ α phase transformation in a Ti-6Al-4V alloy , 2001 .

[9]  Zhengxiao Guo,et al.  Microstructural evolution of a Ti–6Al–4V alloy during β-phase processing: experimental and simulative investigations , 2004 .

[10]  S. Suwas,et al.  On characterization of deformation microstructure in Boron modified Ti–6Al–4V alloy , 2010 .

[11]  Gaoyang Mi,et al.  A coupled thermal and metallurgical model for welding simulation of Ti-6Al-4V alloy , 2014 .

[12]  S. Abbasi,et al.  Effect of hot working on flow behavior of Ti-6Al-4V alloy in single phase and two phase regions , 2010 .

[13]  S. Suwas,et al.  The influence of temperature and strain rate on the deformation response and microstructural evolution during hot compression of a titanium alloy Ti–6Al–4V–0.1B , 2013 .

[14]  Jie Zhou,et al.  Dynamic recrystallization kinetics in α phase of as-cast Ti–6Al–2Zr–1Mo–1V alloy during compression at different temperatures and strain rates , 2014 .

[15]  Stefania Bruschi,et al.  Workability of Ti–6Al–4V alloy at high temperatures and strain rates , 2004 .

[16]  Xiaofeng Wang,et al.  A modified Johnson Cook model for elevated temperature flow behavior of T24 steel , 2013 .

[17]  Tongsheng Deng,et al.  Constitutive modeling and microstructure change of Ti–6Al–4V during the hot tensile deformation , 2012 .

[18]  S. Suwas,et al.  Crystallographic texture and microstructure evolution during hot compression of Ti–6Al–4V–0.1B alloy in the (α + β)-regime , 2014 .

[19]  Z. Guo,et al.  Resistivity study and computer modelling of the isothermal transformation kinetics of Ti–6Al–4V and Ti–6Al–2Sn–4Zr–2Mo–0.08Si alloys , 2001 .

[20]  Vicente Amigó,et al.  Modeling of phase transformations of Ti6Al4V during laser metal deposition , 2011 .

[21]  J. Shu,et al.  The identification of dynamic recrystallization and constitutive modeling during hot deformation of Ti55511 titanium alloy , 2015 .

[22]  S. Bruschi,et al.  Phase evolution in hot forging of dual phase titanium alloys: Experiments and numerical analysis , 2015 .

[23]  M. Fu,et al.  Study of the dynamic recrystallization of Ti–6.5Al–3.5Mo–1.5Zr–0.3Si alloy in β-forging process via Finite Element Method modeling and microstructure characterization , 2011 .

[24]  Guo-zheng Quan,et al.  Modelling for the dynamic recrystallization evolution of Ti–6Al–4V alloy in two-phase temperature range and a wide strain rate range , 2015 .

[25]  B. Guo,et al.  Hot deformation behavior and microstructure evolution of TC4 titanium alloy , 2010 .

[26]  H. Liao,et al.  Hot deformation behavior and processing map of Al–Si–Mg alloys containing different amount of silicon based on Gleebe-3500 hot compression simulation , 2015 .

[27]  J. C. Malas,et al.  Hot deformation and microstructural damage mechanisms in extra-low interstitial (ELI) grade Ti–6Al–4V , 2000 .

[28]  Zhengxiao Guo,et al.  Microstructural evolution of a Ti-6Al-4V alloy during thermomechanical processing , 2000 .

[29]  E. J. Williams,et al.  A critical analysis of plastic flow behaviour in axisymmetric isothermal and Gleeble compression testing , 2010 .