PDMS-Zwitterionic Hybrid for Facile, Antifouling Microfluidic Device Fabrication.

Poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) has been used in a wide range of biomedical devices and medical research due to its biostability, cytocompatibility, gas permeability, and optical properties. Yet, some properties of PDMS create critical limitations, particularly fouling through protein and cell adhesion. In this study, a diallyl-terminated sulfobetaine (SB-diallyl) molecule was synthesized and then directly mixed with a commercial PDMS base (Sylgard 184) and curing agent to produce a zwitterionic group-bearing PDMS (PDMS-SB) hybrid that does not require a complex or an additional surface modification process for the desired end product. In vitro examination of antifouling behavior following exposure to fresh ovine blood showed a significant reduction in platelet deposition for the PDMS-SB hybrid surface compared to that of a PDMS control (p < 0.05, n = 5). The manufacturability via soft lithography using the synthesized polymers was found to be comparable to that for unmodified PDMS. Bonding via O2 plasma treatment was confirmed, and the strength was measured and again found to be comparable to the control. PDMS-SB microfluidic devices were successfully fabricated and showed improved blood compatibility that could reduce channel occlusion due to clot formation relative to PDMS control devices. Further, gas (CO2) transfer through a PDMS-SB hybrid membrane was also tested with a proof-of-concept microchannel device and shown to be comparable to that through the PDMS control.

[1]  S. Stafslien,et al.  Amphiphilic zwitterionic-PDMS-based surface-modifying additives to tune fouling-release of siloxane-polyurethane marine coatings , 2020 .

[2]  Lin Sun,et al.  Anticoagulation Management in Severe Coronavirus Disease 2019 Patients on Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation , 2020, Journal of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Anesthesia.

[3]  W. Aronow,et al.  Management of Thrombotic Complications in COVID-19: An Update , 2020, Drugs.

[4]  J. Merrill,et al.  Emerging evidence of a COVID-19 thrombotic syndrome has treatment implications , 2020, Nature Reviews Rheumatology.

[5]  C. Bode,et al.  Thrombotic circuit complications during venovenous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation in COVID-19 , 2020, Journal of Thrombosis and Thrombolysis.

[6]  W. Wagner,et al.  Covalently‐Attached, Surface‐Eroding Polymer Coatings on Magnesium Alloys for Corrosion Control and Temporally Varying Support of Cell Adhesion , 2020, Advanced Materials Interfaces.

[7]  Yung Chang,et al.  Fundamentals and applications of zwitterionic antifouling polymers , 2019, Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics.

[8]  O. B. Usta,et al.  Simple Surface Modification of Poly(dimethylsiloxane) via Surface Segregating Smart Polymers for Biomicrofluidics , 2019, Scientific Reports.

[9]  E. Cerda,et al.  Active wrinkles to drive self-cleaning: A strategy for anti-thrombotic surfaces for vascular grafts. , 2019, Biomaterials.

[10]  C. Pirri,et al.  Simple PDMS microdevice for biomedical applications. , 2019, Talanta.

[11]  Jae-Woong Jeong,et al.  Stretchable, Implantable, Nanostructured Flow-Diverter System for Quantification of Intra-aneurysmal Hemodynamics. , 2018, ACS nano.

[12]  D. Grijpma,et al.  Flat and microstructured polymeric membranes in organs-on-chips , 2018, Journal of The Royal Society Interface.

[13]  Donald E Ingber,et al.  A shear gradient-activated microfluidic device for automated monitoring of whole blood haemostasis and platelet function , 2016, Nature Communications.

[14]  M. Chiao,et al.  Anti-fouling Coatings of Poly(dimethylsiloxane) Devices for Biological and Biomedical Applications , 2015, Journal of medical and biological engineering.

[15]  Alexander D. Malkin,et al.  Hollow fiber membrane modification with functional zwitterionic macromolecules for improved thromboresistance in artificial lungs. , 2015, Langmuir : the ACS journal of surfaces and colloids.

[16]  Shaoyi Jiang,et al.  Suppressing surface reconstruction of superhydrophobic PDMS using a superhydrophilic zwitterionic polymer. , 2012, Biomacromolecules.

[17]  K. Ishihara,et al.  Simple surface modification of a titanium alloy with silanated zwitterionic phosphorylcholine or sulfobetaine modifiers to reduce thrombogenicity. , 2010, Colloids and surfaces. B, Biointerfaces.

[18]  Hongkai Wu,et al.  Convenient method for modifying poly(dimethylsiloxane) with poly(ethylene glycol) in microfluidics. , 2009, Analytical chemistry.

[19]  F. Schneider,et al.  Process and material properties of polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) for Optical MEMS , 2009 .

[20]  Bruce K. Gale,et al.  Determining the optimal PDMS–PDMS bonding technique for microfluidic devices , 2008 .