Small microstrip patch antennas

The focus of this presentation is to illustrate some size reduction techniques for microstrip patch antennas that have been conducted at RIT. Two types of slotted patch antennas and two types of optimization techniques have been described. In one case, slots with a predetermined shape and number have been optimized for size and placement using a genetic algorithm to achieve size reduction. In the second case, a predefined number and of slots placed along the patch edges are optimized for their lengths using particle swarm for size reduction. In both cases 70% size reduction has been achieved‥ In another method Complimentary Split Ring Resonators (CSRR are placed in the ground plane of the patch antenna creating a “left-handed” effect that results in a negative permittivity where a 50% size reduction has been achieved. Experimental validation has been done for two of the antennas and is under progress for the one with slots along the edges.