Prediction of major adverse cardiac events is the first critical task in the management of immune checkpoint inhibitor‐associated myocarditis

Dear Editor, The application of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), anti-tumor immunotherapy unleashing the host immune system to eradicate tumor cells, has revolutionized the treatment of various advanced cancers and showed remarkable anti-tumor effects [1]. However, emphasis must be placed on fatal immune-related adverse events (irAEs), especially some fulminant irAEs like ICI-related cardiovascular AEs [2, 3]. However, due to the low rate of cardiovascular AEs, little is known about the effective methods for evaluating the risk of catastrophic cardiac events in ICI-associated myocarditis and its management [4, 5]. The Peking Union Medical College Hospital (PUMCH) nationwide multidisciplinary irAE Management Task Forcewas founded in July 2018 (SupplementalMaterial). It encompasses 33 cancer centers across China. The PUMCH irAE Task Force cardio-oncology multidisciplinary team (MDT) promotes inpatient/outpatient consultation for patients with suspected cardiovascular AEs from multiple hospitals. In this study, we aimed to summarize our recent experience with ICI-associated myocarditis management and to identify indicators for major adverse cardiac events (MACE) and the association ofMACEwith overall survival (OS). Between July 2018 and November 2020, 52 patients diagnosed with ICI-associated myocarditis through multidisciplinary consultation of the PUMCH irAE Task Force were enrolled for this study. According to a consensus statement of ICI-associatedmyocarditis [6], 20 (38.5%) participants had definite myocarditis, 13 (25.0%) had probable myocarditis, and 19 (36.5%) had possible myocarditis. Data