Extragalactic Results from the Infrared Space Observatory

▪ Abstract More than a decade ago the IRAS satellite opened the realm of external galaxies for studies in the 10 to 100 μm band and discovered emission from tens of thousands of normal and active galaxies. With the 1995–1998 mission of the Infrared Space Observatory1, the next major steps in extragalactic infrared astronomy became possible: detailed imaging, spectroscopy, and spectrophotometry of many galaxies detected by IRAS, as well as deep surveys in the mid- and far-IR. The spectroscopic data reveal a wealth of detail about the nature of the energy source(s) and about the physical conditions in galaxies. ISO's surveys for the first time explore the infrared emission of distant, high-redshift galaxies. ISO's main theme in extragalactic astronomy is the role of star formation in the activity and evolution of galaxies.

[1]  Raymond E. White,et al.  Erratum: “Dust in Spiral Galaxies: Comparing Emission and Absorption to Constrain Small-Scale and Very Cold Structures” [Astron. J. 118, 1542 (1999)] , 2000 .

[2]  A. Sternberg,et al.  ISO-SWS Spectroscopy of NGC 1068 , 2000, astro-ph/0002008.

[3]  G. Helou,et al.  The Mid-Infrared Spectra of Normal Galaxies , 2000, The Astrophysical journal.

[4]  A. Quirrenbach,et al.  OH LINES IN THE FIR SPECTRA OF THE OH MEGAMASER GALAXIES IRASS 20100-4156 AND 3ZW35 , 1999 .

[5]  M. Sauvage,et al.  MID-INFRARED AND FAR-ULTRAVIOLET OBSERVATIONS OF THE STAR-FORMING RING OF M 31 , 1999 .

[6]  G. Puget.  Detection of the extra-Galactic background fluctuations at 170 mu m , 1999, astro-ph/9910255.

[7]  K. Ganga,et al.  An Infrared Space Observatory Upper Limit to the Low-Mass Star Halo in theEdge-on Galaxy NGC 4565 , 1999 .

[8]  Reinhard Genzel,et al.  Variable and Embedded Stars in the Galactic Center , 1999 .

[9]  Edwin A. Valentijn,et al.  First Extragalactic Direct Detection of Large-Scale Molecular Hydrogen in the Disk of NGC 891 , 1999 .

[10]  D. Rigopoulou,et al.  A Large Mid-Infrared Spectroscopic and Near-Infrared Imaging Survey of Ultraluminous Infrared Galaxies: Their Nature and Evolution , 1999, astro-ph/9908300.

[11]  B. Poggianti,et al.  Optical Spectral Signatures of Dusty Starburst Galaxies , 1999, astro-ph/9908180.

[12]  S. M. Fall,et al.  The Luminosity Function of Young Star Clusters in “the Antennae” Galaxies (NGC 4038/4039) , 1999, astro-ph/9907430.

[13]  NASA Ames Research Center,et al.  Far-Infrared and Submillimeter Emission from Galactic and Extragalactic Photodissociation Regions , 1999, astro-ph/9907255.

[14]  F. Ghigo,et al.  Plasma and Warm Dust in the Collisional Ring Galaxy VII Zw 466 from VLA and ISO Observations , 1999, astro-ph/9907122.

[15]  M. Radovich,et al.  The 10-200 micron spectral energy distribution of the prototype Narrow-Line X-ray galaxy NGC 7582 , 1999, astro-ph/9906444.

[16]  Durham,et al.  Dust-obscured star formation and AGN fuelling in hierarchical models of galaxy evolution , 1999, astro-ph/9906311.

[17]  O. Fèvre,et al.  15 Micron Infrared Space Observatory Observations of the 1415+52 Canada-France Redshift Survey Field: The Cosmic Star Formation Rate as Derived from Deep Ultraviolet, Optical, Mid-Infrared, and Radio Photometry , 1999 .

[18]  G. Helou,et al.  ISOCAM 15 Micron Search for Distant Infrared Galaxies Lensed by Clusters , 1999, astro-ph/9905140.

[19]  C. Woodward,et al.  Probing the Dust-enshrouded Regions of the Interacting Galaxy System Arp 299:A Near-Infrared Study , 1999 .

[20]  M. Contini,et al.  INFRARED LINE RATIOS REVEALING STARBURST CONDITIONS IN GALAXIES , 1999, astro-ph/9904301.

[21]  J. Davies,et al.  200-μm ISO observations of NGC 6946: evidence for an extended distribution of cold dust , 1999 .

[22]  S. Veilleux,et al.  New Results from a Near-Infrared Search for Hidden Broad-Line Regions in Ultraluminous Infrared Galaxies , 1999, astro-ph/9904148.

[23]  C. Dudley.  New 8–13 μm spectroscopy of luminous and ultraluminous infrared galaxies , 1999, astro-ph/9903250.

[24]  O. Almaini,et al.  The AGN contribution to deep submillimetre surveys and the far-infrared background , 1999, astro-ph/9903178.

[25]  J. Kneib,et al.  Redshift Distribution of the Faint Submillimeter Galaxy Population , 1999, astro-ph/9903142.

[26]  R. Genzel,et al.  Accepted for publication in the Astrophysical Journal Letters Mid-infrared and optical spectroscopy of ultraluminous infrared galaxies: A comparison 1 , 1999 .

[27]  Timothy M. Heckman,et al.  Dust Absorption and the Ultraviolet Luminosity Density at z ≈ 3 as Calibrated by Local Starburst Galaxies , 1999, astro-ph/9903054.

[28]  O. Fèvre,et al.  Deep Galaxy survey at 6.75µm with the ISO satellite , 1999 .

[29]  C. Surace,et al.  The Universe as Seen by ISO , 1999 .

[30]  R. Tuffs,et al.  [CII] Emission and Star Formation in Late-Type Galaxies , 1999 .

[31]  A. Sternberg,et al.  Infrared Spectroscopy of NGC 4151: Infrared Space Observatory Observations and Narrow Emission Line Region Line Profiles , 1999 .

[32]  L. Ho,et al.  Physical Conditions in the Emission-Line Gas in the Extremely Low Luminosity Seyfert Nucleus of NGC 4395 , 1999, astro-ph/9902163.

[33]  C. Carilli,et al.  The Starburst in the Central Kiloparsec of Markarian 231 , 1999, astro-ph/9902082.

[34]  C. Cesarsky,et al.  A Deep 12 Micron Survey with ISO , 1999, astro-ph/9901267.

[35]  P. Solomon,et al.  Molecular Gas Depletion and Starbursts in Luminous Infrared Galaxy Mergers , 1998, astro-ph/9812320.

[36]  N. Roche,et al.  Modelling ISO galaxy counts with luminosity and merger rate evolution , 1998, astro-ph/9812206.

[37]  R. Sutherland,et al.  Properties of hot stars in the Wolf-Rayet galaxy NGC 5253 from ISO-SWS spectroscopy , 1998, astro-ph/9812080.

[38]  Cambridge,et al.  ∼ 4 and the Evolution of the Uv Luminosity Density at High Redshift , 2022 .

[39]  M. Sauvage,et al.  Dust in an Extremely Metal-Poor Galaxy: Mid-infrared Observations ofSBS 0335–052 , 1998, astro-ph/9811126.

[40]  M. A. Malkan,et al.  ISO LWS Spectroscopy of M82: A Unified Evolutionary Model , 1998, astro-ph/9810188.

[41]  G. Rieke,et al.  Mid-Infrared Emission from E+A Galaxies in the Coma Cluster , 1998, astro-ph/9809218.

[42]  J. Surace,et al.  High-Resolution Tip/Tilt Near-Infrared Imaging of Warm Ultraluminous Infrared Galaxies , 1998, astro-ph/9809184.

[43]  A. Sternberg,et al.  Infrared Spectroscopy of NGC 4151: Probing the Obscured Ionizing Active Galactic Nucleus Continuum , 1998, astro-ph/9809094.

[44]  A. Abergel,et al.  First detection of the warm ionised medium dust emission Implication for the cosmic far-infrared background , 1999 .

[45]  H. Watarai,et al.  An X-ray study of luminous infrared galaxies observed with ASCA , 1999 .

[46]  The 10 GHz-10 THz spectrum of a normal spiral galaxy , 1999 .

[47]  R. Siebenmorgen,et al.  VERY COLD DUST IN GALAXIES , 1999 .

[48]  K. Lehtinen,et al.  Detection of widely distributed UIR band emission in the disk of NGC 891 , 1998, astro-ph/9812346.

[49]  D. Elbaz,et al.  FIRBACK: I. A deep survey at 175 $\mu$m with ISO, preliminary results , 1998, astro-ph/9812039.

[50]  Gif-sur-Yvette.,et al.  A barred spiral at the centre of the giant elliptical radio galaxy Centaurus A , 1998, astro-ph/9810419.

[51]  M. Sauvage,et al.  Dust in the wheel: The Cartwheel galaxy in the Mid-IR , 1998, astro-ph/9810276.

[52]  G. Neugebauer,et al.  High Spatial Resolution Imaging of Arp 220 from 3 to 25 Microns , 1998, astro-ph/9810120.

[53]  D. Elbaz,et al.  ISOCAM observations of the Hubble Deep Field reduced with the PRETI method , 1998, astro-ph/9810044.

[54]  Jonathan Ivor Davies,et al.  Deep Submillimeter Images of NGC 891—Cold Dust at Larger Galactic Radii , 1998 .

[55]  C. Cesarsky,et al.  A classical approach to faint extragalactic source extraction from ISOCAM deep surveys. Application to the Hubble Deep Field , 1998, astro-ph/9809004.

[56]  R. Laureijs,et al.  First Results from the ISO-IRAS Faint Galaxy Survey , 1998 .

[57]  G. Gilmore,et al.  Dark haloes of spiral galaxies: ISO photometry , 1998, astro-ph/9808137.

[58]  E. Serabyn,et al.  An extraordinary cluster of massive stars near the centre of the Milky Way , 1998, Nature.

[59]  P. Cox,et al.  Infrared Space Observatory Measurements of a [C II] 158 Micron Line Deficitin Ultraluminous Infrared Galaxies , 1998 .

[60]  D. Lemke,et al.  On the Far-Infrared Emission of Quasars , 1998 .

[61]  E. Valentijn,et al.  Resolved 200mu M images of nearby galaxies - evidence for an extended distribution of cold dust , 1998 .

[62]  Jr.,et al.  STAR FORMATION IN GALAXIES ALONG THE HUBBLE SEQUENCE , 1998, astro-ph/9807187.

[63]  J. Dunlop,et al.  High-redshift star formation in the Hubble Deep Field revealed by a submillimetre-wavelength survey , 1998, Nature.

[64]  M. Sauvage,et al.  Mid-IR emission of galaxies in the Virgo cluster. II. Integrated properties , 1998 .

[65]  M. Trewhella.  Internal Extinction of Disc Galaxies: I. High Resolution Extinction Map of NGC 6946 , 1998 .

[66]  P. Solomon,et al.  Rotating Nuclear Rings and Extreme Starbursts in Ultraluminous Galaxies , 1998, astro-ph/9806377.

[67]  H. Okuda,et al.  Submillimetre-wavelength detection of dusty star-forming galaxies at high redshift , 1998, Nature.

[68]  J. M. R. Espinosa,et al.  The Mid- and Far-Infrared Spectral Energy Distribution of Seyfert Galaxies , 1998 .

[69]  G. Smoot,et al.  A Study of External Galaxies Detected by the COBE Diffuse Infrared Background Experiment , 1998 .

[70]  R. Genzel,et al.  The Nature and Evolution of Ultraluminous Infrared Galaxies:A Mid-Infrared Spectroscopic Survey , 1998, astro-ph/9806270.

[71]  M. Giavalisco,et al.  Infrared Observations of Nebular Emission Lines from Galaxies at z ≃ 3 , 1998, astro-ph/9806219.

[72]  D. Shupe,et al.  Emission Features and Source Counts of Galaxies in the Mid-Infrared , 1998, astro-ph/9806194.

[73]  E.,et al.  THE COBE DIFFUSE INFRARED BACKGROUND EXPERIMENT SEARCH FOR THE COSMIC INFRARED BACKGROUND . I . LIMITS AND DETECTIONS , 1998 .

[74]  S. Veilleux,et al.  The IRAS 1 Jy Sample of Ultraluminous Infrared Galaxies. II. Optical Spectroscopy , 1998, astro-ph/9806149.

[75]  I. McLean,et al.  The Pistol Star , 1998 .

[76]  D. Vanbeveren,et al.  The rejuvenation of starburst regions due to massive close binary evolution , 1998 .

[77]  N. Palanque-Delabrouille,et al.  EROS and MACHO Combined Limits on Planetary-Mass Dark Matter in the Galactic Halo , 1998 .

[78]  D. M. Kelly,et al.  The Nuclear Starburst in NGC 253 , 1998, astro-ph/9805153.

[79]  D. Crenshaw,et al.  Physical Conditions in the Inner Narrow-Line Region of the Seyfert 2 Galaxy NGC 1068 , 1998, astro-ph/9806339.

[80]  Andreas Quirrenbach,et al.  Stellar Content of the Galactic Starburst Template NGC 3603 from Adaptive Optics Observations , 1998 .

[81]  J. Hough,et al.  Evidence for a 20 Parsec Disk at the Nucleus of Centaurus A , 1998, astro-ph/9804098.

[82]  R. B. Partridge,et al.  Radio Emission from Galaxies in the Hubble Deep Field , 1998, astro-ph/9803343.

[83]  D. John Hillier,et al.  The Treatment of Non-LTE Line Blanketing in Spherically Expanding Outflows , 1998 .

[84]  D. Shupe,et al.  The Mid-Infrared Color-Luminosity Relation and the Local 12 Micron Luminosity Function , 1998, astro-ph/9803162.

[85]  J. Huchra,et al.  The Local Luminosity Function at 25 Microns , 1998, astro-ph/9803149.

[86]  G. Zamorani,et al.  High-redshift galaxies in the Hubble Deep Field- II. Colours and number counts , 1998, astro-ph/9803144.

[87]  Philip Massey,et al.  Star Formation in R136: A Cluster of O3 Stars Revealed by Hubble Space Telescope Spectroscopy , 1998 .

[88]  India.,et al.  ROLE OF THE SCALAR FIELD IN GRAVITATIONAL LENSING , 1998, astro-ph/9801174.

[89]  Beverly J. Smith.  ISOCAM Mid-Infrared Imaging of the Quiescent Spiral Galaxy NGC 7331 , 1998, astro-ph/9801083.

[90]  A. Eckart,et al.  Molecular Gas and Star Formation in the Host Galaxy of the QSO I Zw 1 , 1998, astro-ph/9801061.

[91]  C. Lonsdale,et al.  A Starburst Revealed—Luminous Radio Supernovae in the Nuclei of Arp 220 , 1998 .

[92]  Rob Ivison,et al.  A hyperluminous galaxy at z = 2.8 found in a deep submillimetre survey , 1997, astro-ph/9712161.

[93]  D. Jaffe,et al.  Molecular Cloud Structure in the Magellanic Clouds: Effect of Metallicity , 1997, astro-ph/9712158.

[94]  H. Wu,et al.  A statistical study of the spectra of very luminous IRAS galaxies. I. Data , 1997, astro-ph/9711037.

[95]  E. Hivon,et al.  Semi‐analytic modelling of galaxy evolution in the IR/submm range , 1997, astro-ph/9710340.

[96]  R. Maiolino,et al.  Seyfert Activity and Nuclear Star Formation in the Circinus Galaxy , 1997, astro-ph/9709091.

[97]  HongSheng Zhao.  Microlensing of tidal debris on the Magellanic great circle , 1997, astro-ph/9703097.

[98]  Joseph M. Mazzarella,et al.  HST/WFPC2 Observations of Warm Ultraluminous Infrared Galaxies , 1998 .

[99]  R. Laureijs,et al.  THE ISOPHOT FAR-INFRARED SERENDIPITY NORTH ECLIPTIC POLE MINISURVEY , 1998 .

[100]  M. Sauvage,et al.  MID-IR MAPPING OF THE REGION OF N 4 IN THE LARGE MAGELLANIC CLOUD WITH ISOCAM , 1998 .

[101]  D. Rouan,et al.  Adaptive optics observations of ultra-luminous infrared galaxies I. J, H, K images of Mkn 231 ? , 1998 .

[102]  M. Rieke,et al.  NICMOS Imaging of the Nuclei of Arp 220 , 1998, astro-ph/9801006.

[103]  E. L. Wright,et al.  The COBE Diffuse Infrared Background Experiment Search for the Cosmic Infrared Background. IV. Cosmological Implications , 1997, astro-ph/9806129.

[104]  A. C. Raga,et al.  Photoionization of very high excitation gas in the Circinus galaxy and other active galactic nuclei , 1997 .

[105]  D. Kunze,et al.  What Powers Ultraluminous IRAS Galaxies? , 1997, astro-ph/9711255.

[106]  Andreas Quirrenbach,et al.  The Nuclear Stellar Core, the Hot Dust Source, and the Location of the Nucleus of NGC 1068 , 1997 .

[107]  Michael W. Werner,et al.  Infrared Space Observatory Measurements of [C II] Line Variations in Galaxies , 1997 .

[108]  R. Genzel,et al.  Near-Infrared Imaging Spectroscopy of IC 342: Evolution of a Bar-Driven Central Starburst , 1997 .

[109]  W. Brandt,et al.  ASCA spectroscopy of IRAS 23060 + 0505: penetrating the torus of a type 2 quasar with X-rays , 1997 .

[110]  M. W. Werner,et al.  Do the Infrared Emission Features Need Ultraviolet Excitation? , 1997, astro-ph/9711200.

[111]  Alexander G. G. M. Tielens,et al.  Dense Photodissociation Regions (PDRs) , 1997 .

[112]  I. Smail,et al.  A Deep Submillimeter Survey of Lensing Clusters: A New Window on Galaxy Formation and Evolution , 1997, astro-ph/9708135.

[113]  Hans Ulrik Nørgaard-Nielsen,et al.  Observations of the Hubble Deep Field with the Infrared Space Observatory V. Spectral energy distributions starburst models and star formation history , 1997 .

[114]  D. Elbaz,et al.  Observations of the Hubble Deep Field with the Infrared Space Observatory - IV. Association of sources with Hubble Deep Field galaxies , 1997 .

[115]  N. Scoville,et al.  Arcsecond Imaging of CO Emission in the Nucleus of Arp 220 , 1997 .

[116]  D. Elbaz,et al.  Observations of the Hubble Deep Field with the Infrared Space Observatory - I. Data reduction, maps and sky coverage , 1997 .

[117]  Sylvain Veilleux,et al.  A Near-Infrared Search for Hidden Broad-Line Regions in Ultraluminous Infrared Galaxies , 1997 .

[118]  C. Leitherer,et al.  Are the Super-Star Clusters of NGC 1569 in a Poststarburst Phase? , 1997 .

[119]  D. Elbaz,et al.  Observations of the Hubble Deep Field with the Infrared Space Observatory - III. Source counts and P(D) analysis , 1997 .

[120]  D. Elbaz,et al.  Observations of the Hubble Deep Field with the Infrared Space Observatory - II. Source detection and photometry , 1997 .

[121]  Gordon J. Stacey,et al.  [C II] 158 Micron Observations of IC 10: Evidence for Hidden Molecular Hydrogen in Irregular Galaxies , 1997 .

[122]  C. Woodward,et al.  The Intrinsic Properties of the Stellar Clusters in the M82 Starburst Complex: Propagating Star Formation? , 1997 .

[123]  J. Davies,et al.  The average optical depth of disc galaxies , 1997 .

[124]  E. Hivon,et al.  The optically dark side of galaxy formation , 1997, Nature.

[125]  D. Crampton,et al.  Canada-France Redshift Survey. XIV. Spectral Properties of Field Galaxies up to z = 1 , 1997 .

[126]  Beverly J. Smith,et al.  Interstellar Gas in Low Mass Virgo Cluster Spiral Galaxies , 1997, astro-ph/9704135.

[127]  M. Barlow,et al.  A starburst origin of the OH-megamaser emission from the galaxy Arp220 , 1997, Nature.

[128]  G. Granato,et al.  Thick Tori around Active Galactic Nuclei: The Case for Extended Tori and Consequences for Their X-Ray and Infrared Emission , 1997, astro-ph/9704035.

[129]  M. Kerscher,et al.  Fluctuations in the IRAS 1.2 Jy catalogue , 1997, astro-ph/9704028.

[130]  R. Ellis.  Faint blue galaxies , 1997, astro-ph/9704019.

[131]  R. Doyon,et al.  Spectroscopy of Luminous Infrared Galaxies at 2 Microns. II. Data for Galaxies with 11.2 ≲ log (LIR/L☉) ≲ 11.9 , 1997 .

[132]  Simon J. E. Radford,et al.  The Molecular Interstellar Medium in Ultraluminous Infrared Galaxies , 1996, astro-ph/9610166.

[133]  René Doyon,et al.  Spectroscopy of Luminous Infrared Galaxies at 2 Microns. III. Analysis for Galaxies with log (LIR/L☉) ≳ 11.2 , 1997 .

[134]  Jean-Luc Starck,et al.  ISOCAM data processing , 1997 .

[135]  O. Fèvre,et al.  CFRS XIV: Spectral Properties Of Field Galaxies Up To z = 1 , 1996, astro-ph/9612071.

[136]  C. Wynn-Williams,et al.  The Deep Silicate Absorption Feature in IRAS 08572+3915 and Other Infrared Galaxies , 1996, astro-ph/9705242.

[137]  John N. Bahcall,et al.  Hubble Space Telescope Images of a Sample of 20 Nearby Luminous Quasars , 1996, astro-ph/9611163.

[138]  L. Hernquist,et al.  Transformations of Galaxies. II. Gasdynamics in Merging Disk Galaxies: Addendum , 1996 .

[139]  J. Navarro,et al.  SIMULATIONS OF GALACTIC CHEMICAL EVOLUTION. I. O AND FE ABUNDANCES IN A SIMPLE COLLAPSE MODEL , 1996 .

[140]  A. Vallenari,et al.  ON THE SPREAD OF AGES AMONG THE YOUNG STARS IN THE LMC ASSOCIATION NGC 1948 , 1996 .

[141]  Chris Pearson,et al.  Starburst galaxy contributions to extragalactic source counts , 1996 .

[142]  Takashi Onaka,et al.  Detection of the Mid-Infrared Unidentified Bands in the Diffuse Galactic Emission by IRTS , 1996 .

[143]  D. Sanders,et al.  LUMINOUS INFRARED GALAXIES , 1996 .

[144]  A. Fruchter,et al.  HIGH-REDSHIFT GALAXIES IN THE HUBBLE DEEP FIELD : COLOUR SELECTION AND STAR FORMATION HISTORY TO Z 4 , 1996, astro-ph/9607172.

[145]  A. Tielens,et al.  X-Ray--irradiated Molecular Gas. I. Physical Processes and General Results , 1996 .

[146]  A. Poglitsch,et al.  C + Emission from the Magellanic Clouds. I. The Bright H II Region Complexes N159 and N160 , 1996 .

[147]  G. Pavlov,et al.  Model neutron star atmospheres with low magnetic fields. 1. Atmospheres in radiative equilibrium , 1996, astro-ph/9604072.

[148]  M. Rowan-Robinson,et al.  Multiwavelength energy distributions of ultraluminous IRAS galaxies - I. Submillimetre and X-ray observations , 1996 .

[149]  B. Santiago,et al.  Galaxy morphology to I = 25 mag in the Hubble Deep Field , 1996, astro-ph/9602044.

[150]  M. Giavalisco,et al.  Spectroscopic Confirmation of a Population of Normal Star-forming Galaxies at Redshifts z > 3 , 1996, astro-ph/9602024.

[151]  M. Kafatos,et al.  Examining the big bang and diffuse background radiations, proceedings from IAU Symposium 168. , 1996 .

[152]  O. Fèvre,et al.  The Canada-France Redshift Survey: The Luminosity Density and Star Formation History of the Universe to z ~ 1 , 1996, astro-ph/9601050.

[153]  L. Hernquist,et al.  Gasdynamics and starbursts in major mergers , 1995, astro-ph/9512099.

[154]  G. Helou,et al.  High Resolution IRAS Maps and IR Emission of M31 -- II. Diffuse Component and Interstellar Dust , 1995, astro-ph/9507090.

[155]  D. Elbaz,et al.  Galaxy Formation: Isocam Counts , 1996 .

[156]  R. Doyon,et al.  Helium and hydrogen excitation in starburst galaxies - infrared and optical line ratios , 1995 .

[157]  L. Colina,et al.  On the origin of the FIR-radio relation in active galaxies , 1995 .

[158]  G. Neugebauer,et al.  Near-Infrared Spectra of ARP 220: Spatially Resolved CO Absorption in the Inner Kiloparsec , 1995 .

[159]  M. Shara,et al.  The Dense Galactic Starburst NGC 3603. I. HST/FOS Spectroscopy of Individual Stars in the Core and the source of Ionization and Kinetic Energy , 1995 .

[160]  S. M. Fall,et al.  Cosmic chemical evolution , 1995 .

[161]  T. Buchert,et al.  THE PERFORMANCE OF LAGRANGIAN PERTURBATION SCHEMES AT HIGH RESOLUTION , 1995, astro-ph/9510133.

[162]  R. Kennicutt,et al.  Spectrophotometric Properties of Merging Galaxies , 1995 .

[163]  D. Hunter,et al.  The Massive Star Populations in Ionized Gas Shells in M33 and M31 , 1995 .

[164]  Alfred Krabbe,et al.  The Nuclear Cluster of the Milky Way: Star Formation and Velocity Dispersion in the Central 0.5 Parsec , 1995 .

[165]  T. Heckman.  A Mid-Infrared Test of the ``Obscuring Torus'' Model for Seyfert Nuclei , 1995 .

[166]  G. Rieke,et al.  New constraints on the unified model of Seyfert galaxies , 1995 .

[167]  R. Doyon,et al.  Spectroscopy of luminous infrared galaxies at 2 microns: 1. The ultraluminous galaxies (L(sub IR) approximately greater than 10 (exp 12) solar luminosity) , 1995 .

[168]  S. Veilleux,et al.  Optical Spectroscopy of Luminous Infrared Galaxies II. Analysis of the Nuclear and long-Slit Data , 1995 .

[169]  S. Veilleux,et al.  Optical Spectroscopy of Luminous Infrared Galaxies I. Nuclear Data , 1995 .

[170]  M. Mezzetti,et al.  The 10 Micron Emission of Seyfert Nuclei , 1995 .

[171]  M. Rowan-Robinson,et al.  Dusty discs in active galactic nuclei , 1995 .

[172]  Wei Zheng,et al.  The Far-Ultraviolet Spectrum of NGC 4151 as Observed with the Hopkins Ultraviolet Telescope on Astro-2 , 1995 .

[173]  Michael Rowan-Robinson,et al.  A new model for the infrared emission of quasars , 1995 .

[174]  C. Lonsdale,et al.  Ultraluminous Infrared Galaxies and the Radio-optical Correlation for Quasars , 1995 .

[175]  A. Poglitsch,et al.  A Multiwavelength Study of 30 Doradus: The Interstellar Medium in a Low-Metallicity Galaxy , 1995 .

[176]  Timothy M. Heckman,et al.  Synthetic properties of starburst galaxies , 1995 .

[177]  R. Doyon,et al.  Stellar velocity dispersion in ARP 220 and NGC 6240: Elliptical galaxies in formation , 1994 .

[178]  M. S. Oey,et al.  Atlas of quasar energy distributions , 1994 .

[179]  A. Tielens,et al.  THE PHOTOELECTRIC HEATING MECHANISM FOR VERY SMALL GRAPHITIC GRAINS AND POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS , 1994 .

[180]  K. Sahu.  MICROLENSING EVENTS OF THE LMC ARE BETTER EXPLAINED BY STARS WITHIN THE LMC THAN BY MACHOS , 1994, astro-ph/9408047.

[181]  Reinhard Genzel,et al.  The nucleus of our Galaxy , 1994 .

[182]  L. Danese,et al.  Luminosity Evolution and Dust Effects in Distant Galaxies: Implications for the Observability of the Early Evolutionary Phases , 1994 .

[183]  L. Danese,et al.  Thick tori around active galactic nuclei: a comparison of model predictions with observations of the infrared continuum and silicate features , 1994 .

[184]  A. Sternberg,et al.  Near-Infrared Spectral Imaging of NGC 1808: Probing the Starburst , 1994 .

[185]  W. Vacca,et al.  HST UV Imaging of the Starburst Regions in the Wolf-Rayet Galaxy He 2-10: Newly Formed Globular Clusters? , 1994 .

[186]  R. Doyon,et al.  A NEAR-INFRARED SPECTROSCOPIC STUDY OF THE LUMINOUS MERGER NGC 3256. I: CONSTRAINTS ON THE INITIAL MASS FUNCTION OF THE STARBURST , 1994 .

[187]  C. Otani,et al.  Simultaneous Observations of Seyfert 1 Galaxies by IUE, ROSAT and GINGA , 1994 .

[188]  Julian H. Krolik,et al.  Infrared Spectra of Obscuring Dust Tori around Active Galactic Nuclei. II. Comparison with Observations , 1993 .

[189]  F. Martinet,et al.  Is Dark Matter in Spiral Galaxies Cold Gas? I. Observational Constraints and Dynamical Clues About , 1993, astro-ph/9311043.

[190]  M. Dopita,et al.  Shock Excitation of the Emission-Line Filaments in Centaurus A , 1993 .

[191]  G. Rieke,et al.  Starburst Modeling of M82: Test Case for a Biased Initial Mass Function , 1993 .

[192]  M. Malkan,et al.  The Extended 12-micron galaxy sample , 1993, astro-ph/9306013.

[193]  Hideyo Kunieda,et al.  X-Ray Evidence for Seyfert Activity Buried in the Infrared Galaxy NGC 4945 , 1993 .

[194]  A. Poglitsch,et al.  158 micron forbidden C II mapping of NGC 6946 - Probing the atomic medium , 1993 .

[195]  C. Lonsdale,et al.  The starburst-AGN connection : a sensitive VLBI survey of luminous IRAS galaxies , 1993 .

[196]  W. Baan.  Molecular megamasers after ten years , 1993 .

[197]  Robert Antonucci,et al.  Unified models for active galactic nuclei and quasars , 1993 .

[198]  Julian H. Krolik,et al.  Infrared spectra of obscuring dust tori around active galactic nuclei. I - Calculational method and basic trends , 1992 .

[199]  M. Contini,et al.  Infrared lines from active galactic nuclei : a theoretical approach , 1992 .

[200]  Reinhard Genzel,et al.  The Galactic Interstellar Medium , 1992 .

[201]  M. Malkan,et al.  Infrared line diagnostics of active galactic nuclei , 1992 .

[202]  G. M. Voit,et al.  Infrared fine-structure line diagnostics of shrouded active galactic nuclei , 1992 .

[203]  J. Gunn,et al.  Infrared emission and mass loss from evolved stars in elliptical galaxies , 1992 .

[204]  H. Ferguson,et al.  Hopkins ultraviolet telescope observations of the far-ultraviolet spectrum of NGC 4151 , 1992 .

[205]  J. Kormendy,et al.  Ultraluminous IRAS galaxies: Formation of elliptical galaxies by merger-induced dissipative collapse , 1992 .

[206]  Robert C. Kennicutt,et al.  The Integrated spectra of nearby galaxies: General properties and emission line spectra , 1992 .

[207]  James J. Condon,et al.  Radio Emission from Normal Galaxies , 1992 .

[208]  Charles L. Bennett,et al.  Preliminary spectral observations of the Galaxy with a 7 deg beam by the Cosmic Background Explorer (COBE) , 1991 .

[209]  T. Thuan,et al.  Compact starbursts in ultraluminous infrared galaxies , 1991 .

[210]  George Helou,et al.  Correlations between the far-infrared, radio, and blue luminosities of spiral galaxies , 1991 .

[211]  P. Alexander,et al.  The radio structures of ultraluminous IRAS galaxies , 1991 .

[212]  M. Rowan-Robinson,et al.  A high-redshift IRAS galaxy with huge luminosity—hidden quasar or protogalaxy? , 1991, Nature.

[213]  A. Poglitsch,et al.  The 158 micron forbidden C II line - A measure of global star formation activity in galaxies , 1991 .

[214]  P. Roche,et al.  An atlas of mid-infrared spectra of galaxy nuclei , 1991 .

[215]  G. Neugebauer,et al.  The properties of infrared galaxies in the local universe , 1991 .

[216]  George K. Miley,et al.  On the nature and implications of starburst-driven galactic superwinds , 1990 .

[217]  W. Duley,et al.  HAC IS ERE (Hydrogenated amorphous carbon interstellar extended red emission). , 1990 .

[218]  F. Boulanger,et al.  Interstellar dust models for extinction and emission , 1990 .

[219]  R. Carlberg.  Mergers as an Omega estimator. [For curvature of universe determination] , 1990 .

[220]  E. Valentijn.  Opaque spiral galaxies , 1990, Nature.

[221]  N. Devereux,et al.  THE GAS DUST RATIO IN SPIRAL GALAXIES , 1990 .

[222]  A. Tielens,et al.  Physical Conditions in Photodissociation Regions - Application to Galactic Nuclei , 1990 .

[223]  B. Carr,et al.  Baryonic Dark Matter , 1990 .

[224]  A. Sargent,et al.  CO aperture synthesis of NGC 4038/39 (ARP 244) , 1990 .

[225]  R. Barvainis.  Infrared Spectral Energy Distributions of Radio Quiet Quasars , 1989 .

[226]  G. Neugebauer,et al.  Continuum energy distribution of quasars: Shapes and origins , 1989 .

[227]  P. Roche,et al.  The nature of the infrared luminous galaxies Arp 220 and NGC 6240 , 1989 .

[228]  T. Heckman,et al.  Emission-line Nebulae of Powerful Far-infrared Galaxies , 1989 .

[229]  S. Phillipps,et al.  Are galaxy discs optically thick , 1989 .

[230]  D. Hollenbach,et al.  Molecule Formation and Infrared Emission in Fast Interstellar Shocks. III. Results for J Shocks in Molecular Clouds , 1989 .

[231]  Puragra Guhathakurta,et al.  Interstellar matter in early-type galaxies. I - IRAS flux densities , 1989 .

[232]  Michael Rowan-Robinson,et al.  Models for infrared emission from IRAS galaxies , 1989 .

[233]  J. Puget,et al.  A New Component of the Interstellar Matter: Small Grains and Large Aromatic Molecules , 1989 .

[234]  D. Osterbrock,et al.  Astrophysics of Gaseous Nebulae and Active Galactic Nuclei , 1989 .

[235]  G. Neugebauer,et al.  A catalog of IRAS observations of large optical galaxies , 1988 .

[236]  D. Koo,et al.  Close pairs of galaxies in deep sky surveys , 1988 .

[237]  G. Neugebauer,et al.  Warm ultraluminous galaxies in the IRAS survey - The transition from galaxy to quasar? , 1988 .

[238]  G. Neugebauer,et al.  Ultraluminous infrared galaxies and the origin of quasars , 1988 .

[239]  L. Armus.  AN OPTICAL INVESTIGATION OF POWERFUL FAR-INFRARED GALAXIES , 1987 .

[240]  G. Neugebauer,et al.  The iras view of the extragalactic sky , 1987 .

[241]  Virginia Trimble,et al.  Existence and Nature of Dark Matter in the Universe , 1987 .

[242]  C. Beichman.  The IRAS View of the Galaxy and the Solar System , 1987 .

[243]  G. Neugebauer,et al.  Quasars Measured by the Infrared Astronomical Satellite , 1986 .

[244]  J. Huchra,et al.  The Spatial Distribution of Active Galactic Nuclei: I. The Density of Seyfert Galaxies , 1992 .

[245]  A. Tielens,et al.  Photodissociation regions. I - Basic model. II - A model for the Orion photodissociation region , 1985 .

[246]  Charles H. Townes,et al.  Far-infrared spectroscopy of galaxies - The 158 micron C(+) line and the energy balance of molecular clouds , 1985 .

[247]  G. Rieke,et al.  10 to the 12th solar luminosity starbursts and shocked molecular hydrogen in the colliding galaxies ARP 220 (= IC 4553) and NGC 6240 , 1985 .

[248]  H. M. Lee,et al.  Optical properties of interstellar graphite and silicate grains , 1984 .

[249]  G. Miley,et al.  Infrared Seyferts: a new population of active galaxies? , 1984 .

[250]  H. Aumann,et al.  Infrared galaxies in the IRAS minisurvey , 1984 .

[251]  de T. Jong,et al.  The Infrared Astronomical Satellite (IRAS) mission , 1984 .

[252]  de T. Jong,et al.  INFRARED-EMISSION FROM M31 , 1984 .

[253]  K. Sellgren,et al.  The near-infrared continuum emission of visual reflection nebulae , 1984 .

[254]  R. Gehrz,et al.  Star bursts and the extraordinary galaxy NGC 3690 , 1983 .

[255]  B. Draine.  Magneto-Hydrodynamic Shock Waves in Molecular Clouds , 1983 .

[256]  M. Malkan,et al.  The ultraviolet excess of Seyfert 1 galaxies and quasars. , 1982 .

[257]  Rodger I. Thompson,et al.  The nature of the nuclear sources in M82 and NGC 253 , 1980 .

[258]  J. B. Oke,et al.  The Nucleus of the Seyfert Galaxy NGC 4151 , 1968 .

[259]  W. Baade,et al.  On the Identification of Radio Sources. , 1954 .