Massive MIMO for 5G: Theory, Implementation and Prototyping

This chapter presents a flexible platform that supports prototyping up to 20 MHz bandwidth 128-antenna multiple input, multiple output (MIMO). It devotes theory, design, implementation, and prototyping of Massive MIMO for 5G communication systems. The chapter overviews the principles and theory of Massive MIMO. It describes the channel modeling system with a focus on specific phenomena of large scale 3D channels. The chapter discusses the practical implementation aspects of Massive MIMO systems including analog circuit imperfections and digital baseband processing. It describes the design and architecture of building an 128 antenna Massive MIMO testbed. The chapter presents the time synchronization and phase coherency aspects of a Massive MIMO base station. In general, the transmit signals should be chosen such that users receive their own symbols, with suppressed interference caused by the symbols intended for other users. Massive MIMO will play a crucial role in 5G systems as spectral and radiated power effciency become increasingly critical.