Physiology of Speech Production

Speech production at the peripheral level consists of three stages: exhalation, phonation, and articulation (Table 2.1). Exhalatory movement of the respiratory organ provides the subglottal air flow (direct current). The air flow is cut into puffs (alternating current) at the closed glottis as the vocal cords vibrate. The sound thereby produced at the glottis is referred to as the primary laryngeal tone or glottal sound (source). Through the resonance of the vocal tract, the glottal sound is modified so that some frequency components are amplified and others are attenuated.

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