UWB aperture coupled circular fractal MIMO antenna with a complementary rectangular spiral defected ground structure (DGS) for 4G/WLAN/radar/satellite/international space station (ISS) communication systems

In this article, a dual-port aperture-coupled circular fractal antenna array is designed, developed and tested for its usage in 4G, WLAN, radar, satellite and ISS communication systems, covering C-band, X-band and Ku-band of frequencies. The proposed array is designed on two FR-4 substrates (with overall dimensions of 34 × 68.7 × 3.245 mm3) where the upper and lower substrate consists of circular fractal radiators (2nd order of iteration) and a feed network respectively. The aperture slots in the ground are transformed into complementary rectangular spiral slots with a tree-shaped DGS, to achieve the desired operational band (4.6–16.8 GHz) with improved matching performance. It provides a maximum gain of 4.57 dB (at 6.6 GHz) and high port-to-port isolation (S21 ≤ −19 dB) performance. The implementation of the proposed array in MIMO systems is validated by various diversity parameters like low ECC, high DG, high MEG, low CCL and stable TARC attributes. An acceptable agreement is achieved between the simulated and experimental results.

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