Full-Duplex Metamaterial-Enabled Magnetic Induction Networks in Extreme Environments

Many important applications in the extreme environment require wireless communications to connect smart devices. Metamaterial-enhanced magnetic induction (M2I) has been proposed as a promising solution thanks to its long communication range in the lossy medium. $M$ 2I communication relies on magnetic coupling, which makes it intrinsically full-duplex without self-interference. Moreover, the engineered active metamaterial provides reconfigurability in communication range and interference. In this paper, the new networking paradigm based on the reconfigurable and full-duplex $M$ 2I communication technique is investigated. In particular, the theoretical analysis and electromagnetic simulation are first provided to prove the feasibility. Then, a medium access control protocol is proposed to avoid collisions. Finally, the capacity and delay of the full-duplex M2I network are derived to show the advantage of the new networking paradigm. The analysis in this paper indicates that in a full-duplex $M$ 2I network, the distance between the source and destination can be arbitrarily long and the end-to-end delay can be as short as a single hop delay. As a result, each node in such network can reach any other node by one hop, which can greatly enhance the network robustness and efficiency. It is important for timely transmission of emergent information or real-time control signals.