A Miniature Configurable Wireless System for Recording Gastric Electrophysiological Activity and Delivering High-Energy Electrical Stimulation

The purpose of this paper is to develop and validate a miniature system that can wirelessly acquire gastric electrical activity called slow waves and deliver high-energy electrical pulses to modulate its activity. The system is composed of a front-end unit and an external stationary back-end unit that is connected to a computer. The front-end unit contains a recording module with three channels and a single-channel stimulation module. Commercial off-the-shelf components were used to develop front- and back-end units. A graphical user interface was designed in LabVIEW to process and display the recorded data in real-time and store the data for off-line analysis. The system was successfully validated on bench top and in vivo in porcine models. The bench-top studies showed an appropriate frequency response for analog conditioning and digitization resolution to acquire gastric slow waves. The system was able to deliver electrical pulses at amplitudes up to 10 mA to a load smaller than $880~\Omega $ . Simultaneous acquisition of the slow waves from all three channels was demonstrated in vivo. The system was able to modulate—by either suppressing or entraining—the slow wave activity. This paper reports the first high-energy stimulator that can be controlled wirelessly and integrated into a gastric bioelectrical activity monitoring system. The system can be used for treating functional gastrointestinal disorders.