Recovery of high added-value components from food wastes: Conventional, emerging technologies and commercialized applications

Food wastes are today considered as a cheap source of valuable components since the existent technologies allow the recovery of target compounds and their recycling inside food chain as functional additives in different products. The goal of the current article is to classify food waste sources and high-added value ingredients prior to exploring the recovery stages, conventional and emerging technologies applied from the raw material to the final or encapsulated product. Safety and cost aspects were discussed, too, while a survey of patented methodologies leading to real products was listed, with a final purpose of discussing the prevalent problems that restrict the commercialization of similar procedures.

[1]  Jiyong Park,et al.  Optimization of supercritical fluid extraction of bioactive compounds from grape (Vitis labrusca B.) peel by using response surface methodology. , 2010 .

[2]  M D Luque de Castro,et al.  Ultrasound-assisted crystallization (sonocrystallization). , 2007, Ultrasonics sonochemistry.

[3]  K. Fischer,et al.  Generation of organic acids and monosaccharides by hydrolytic and oxidative transformation of food processing residues. , 2005, Bioresource technology.

[4]  M. Liong,et al.  Agrowaste-based nanofibers as a probiotic encapsulant: fabrication and characterization. , 2011, Journal of agricultural and food chemistry.

[5]  Vassiliki Oreopoulou,et al.  Effect of extraction parameters on the carotenoid recovery from tomato waste , 2011 .

[6]  Inmaculada Ortiz,et al.  Liquid membrane technology: fundamentals and review of its applications , 2010 .

[7]  R. Sun,et al.  Characterization of hemicelluloses obtained by classical and ultrasonically assisted extractions from wheat straw , 2002 .

[8]  Feng Yan,et al.  Recovery of Phytosterols from Waste Residue of Soybean Oil Deodorizer Distillate , 2022 .

[9]  Charis M. Galanakis,et al.  Nanofiltration of brackish groundwater by using a polypiperazine membrane , 2012 .

[10]  M. Fishman,et al.  Characterization of pectin, flash-extracted from orange albedo by microwave heating, under pressure. , 1999, Carbohydrate research.

[11]  G. C. Dacanal,et al.  Selection of operational parameters for the production of instant soy protein isolate by pulsed fluid bed agglomeration , 2010 .

[12]  P. Fernandes,et al.  Phytosterols: applications and recovery methods. , 2007, Bioresource technology.

[13]  A. Doyen,et al.  Impact of ultrafiltration membrane material on Peptide separation from a snow crab byproduct hydrolysate by electrodialysis with ultrafiltration membranes. , 2011, Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry.

[14]  T. Ying,et al.  Demineralization of soybean oligosaccharides extract from sweet slurry by conventional electrodialysis , 2009 .

[15]  F. Beolchini,et al.  WHEY PROTEIN CONCENTRATE PRODUCTION IN A PILOT SCALE TWO-STAGE DIAFILTRATION PROCESS , 2001 .

[16]  J. Thibault,et al.  Physicochemical properties of pectins from ambarella peels (Spondias cytherea) obtained using different extraction conditions , 2008 .

[17]  Constantina Tzia,et al.  Utilization of Plant By-Products for the Recovery of Proteins, Dietary Fibers, Antioxidants, and Colorants , 2007 .

[18]  Brendan A. Niemira,et al.  Cold plasma decontamination of foods. , 2012, Annual review of food science and technology.

[19]  Hélder D. Silva,et al.  Nanoemulsions of β-carotene using a high-energy emulsification–evaporation technique , 2011 .

[20]  Selmane Darine,et al.  Production and functional properties of beef lung protein concentrates. , 2010, Meat science.

[21]  F. Malcata,et al.  Invited review: physiological properties of bioactive peptides obtained from whey proteins. , 2010, Journal of dairy science.

[22]  C. K. Gehring,et al.  Functional and nutritional characteristics of proteins and lipids recovered by isoelectric processing of fish by-products and low-value fish: A review , 2011 .

[23]  Christophe Blecker,et al.  Optimization of pectin extraction from lemon by-product with acidified date juice using response surface methodology , 2008 .

[24]  R. Tahergorabi,et al.  Effect of isoelectric solubilization/precipitation and titanium dioxide on whitening and texture of proteins recovered from dark chicken-meat processing by-products , 2011 .

[25]  M. D. Luque de Castro,et al.  Static-dynamic superheated liquid extraction of hydroxytyrosol and other biophenols from alperujo (a semisolid residue of the olive oil industry). , 2007, Journal of agricultural and food chemistry.

[26]  V. Oreopoulou,et al.  Antioxidant properties of natural carotenoid extracts against the AAPH-initiated oxidation of food emulsions , 2006 .

[27]  Charis M. Galanakis,et al.  Hydro-Ethanolic Mixtures for the Recovery of Phenols from Mediterranean Plant Materials , 2012, Food and Bioprocess Technology.

[28]  H. B. Sowbhagya,et al.  Enzyme-Assisted Extraction of Flavorings and Colorants from Plant Materials , 2010, Critical reviews in food science and nutrition.

[29]  Carlos Pereira,et al.  Functional properties of ovine whey protein concentrates produced by membrane technology after clarification of cheese manufacture by-products , 2004 .

[30]  D. Dimitrov,et al.  Possibilities for application of laser ablation in food technologies , 2011 .

[31]  R. Carle,et al.  By-products of plant food processing as a source of functional compounds — recent developments , 2001 .

[32]  S. Cao,et al.  Effect of enrichment with hemicellulose from rice bran on chemical and functional properties of bread. , 2009 .

[33]  A. Gupta,et al.  Utilization of wild apricot kernel press cake for extraction of protein isolate , 2010, Journal of food science and technology.

[34]  Dongtak Lee,et al.  Optimization of narirutin extraction during washing step of the pectin production from citrus peels , 2004 .

[35]  J. Prakash,et al.  Rice bran proteins: properties and food uses. , 1996, Critical reviews in food science and nutrition.

[36]  E. Vorobiev,et al.  Extraction of polyphenols from grape seeds by unconventional methods and extract concentration through polymeric membrane , 2011 .

[37]  W. Ruß,et al.  Utilizing Waste Products from the Food Production and Processing Industries , 2004, Critical reviews in food science and nutrition.

[38]  Danny R. Bedgood,et al.  Bioactivity and analysis of biophenols recovered from olive mill waste. , 2005, Journal of agricultural and food chemistry.

[39]  Charis M. Galanakis Olive fruit dietary fiber: components, recovery and applications , 2011 .

[40]  J. Fernández-Bolaños,et al.  Extraction of interesting organic compounds from olive oil waste , 2006 .

[41]  Charis M. Galanakis,et al.  Recovery and preservation of phenols from olive waste in ethanolic extracts , 2010 .

[42]  Anne S. Meyer,et al.  Upgrading of grape skins: Significance of plant cell-wall structural components and extraction techniques for phenol release , 2006 .

[43]  L. Bertin,et al.  Recovery of low molecular weight phenols through solid-phase extraction , 2011 .

[44]  Farid Chemat,et al.  Applications of ultrasound in food technology: Processing, preservation and extraction. , 2011, Ultrasonics sonochemistry.

[45]  Darine Selmane,et al.  Extraction of proteins from slaughterhouse by-products: Influence of operating conditions on functional properties. , 2008, Meat science.

[46]  Charis M. Galanakis,et al.  The effect of heat processing on the functional properties of pectin contained in olive mill wastewater , 2010 .

[47]  Zhongxiang Fang,et al.  Encapsulation of polyphenols – a review , 2010 .

[48]  S. Töpfl,et al.  Pulsed Electric Fields (PEF) for Permeabilization of Cell Membranes in Food- and Bioprocessing – Applications, Process and Equipment Design and Cost Analysis. , 2006 .

[49]  A. Ibarz,et al.  Quality of industrial pectin extracted from peach pomace at different pH and temperatures , 1999 .

[50]  F. Chemat,et al.  Solvent Free Microwave-Assisted Extraction of Antioxidants from Sea Buckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides) Food By-Products , 2011 .

[51]  Digvir S. Jayas,et al.  Nanotechnology for the Food and Bioprocessing Industries , 2010, Food and bioprocess technology.

[52]  J. O. Akingbala,et al.  Utilization of Cassava for Food , 2010 .

[53]  J. Parajó,et al.  Recovery, concentration and purification of phenolic compounds by adsorption: A review , 2011 .

[54]  J. Fernández-Bolaños,et al.  Dietary fibre from vegetable products as source of functional ingredients , 2006 .

[55]  Carlos Pereira,et al.  Valorization of by-products from ovine cheese manufacture: clarification by thermocalcic precipitation/microfiltration before ultrafiltration , 2002 .

[56]  Keith W. Waldron,et al.  Dietary fiber content of pear and kiwi pomaces , 1995 .

[57]  A. Passerini,et al.  Recovery of hesperidin from orange peel by concentration of extracts on styrene-divinylbenzene resin. , 1999, Journal of agricultural and food chemistry.

[58]  C. Tan,et al.  Revealing the Power of the Natural Red Pigment Lycopene , 2010, Molecules.

[59]  G. Zacchi,et al.  Extraction of water-soluble hemicelluloses from barley husks. , 2009, Bioresource technology.

[60]  M. Dermiki,et al.  Recovery of Gallic Acid with Colloidal Gas Aphrons generated from a cationic surfactant , 2010 .

[61]  I. Souchon,et al.  Pervaporation as a deodorization process applied to food industry effluents: recovery and valorisation of aroma compounds from cauliflower blanching water , 2002 .

[62]  B. Rasco,et al.  Fish Protein Hydrolysates: Production, Biochemical, and Functional Properties , 2000, Critical reviews in food science and nutrition.

[63]  C. Biliaderis,et al.  Oil-in-water emulsions stabilized by chitin nanocrystal particles , 2011 .

[64]  Siddhartha Datta,et al.  Studies on the fractionation of β-lactoglobulin from casein whey using ultrafiltration and ion-exchange membrane chromatography , 2006 .

[65]  R. Carle,et al.  Utilization of mango peels as a source of pectin and polyphenolics , 2005 .

[66]  Fawzi Banat,et al.  Electroosmotic Dewatering of Tomato Paste Suspension Under AC Electric Field , 2005 .

[67]  V. K. Modi,et al.  Utilization of meat industry by products: protein hydrolysate from sheep visceral mass. , 2007, Bioresource technology.

[68]  N. Chiewchan,et al.  Production of antioxidant high dietary fiber powder from carrot peels , 2008 .

[69]  Arun Sharma,et al.  Chitosan and mint mixture: A new preservative for meat and meat products , 2008 .

[70]  C. Jacobsen,et al.  Antioxidant Activity of Potato Peel Extracts in a Fish-Rapeseed Oil Mixture and in Oil-in-Water Emulsions , 2010 .

[71]  T. Ponce-Noyola,et al.  Protein recovery from slaughterhouse wastes , 1999 .

[72]  Timothy A. G. Langrish,et al.  Water-based extraction of pectin from flavedo and albedo of orange peels , 2006 .

[73]  Peerasak Sanguansri,et al.  Advances in innovative processing technologies for microbial inactivation and enhancement of food safety - pulsed electric field and low-temperature plasma. , 2009 .

[74]  P. Kefalas,et al.  PATTERNS OF CAROTENOID PIGMENTS EXTRACTED FROM TWO ORANGE PEEL WASTES (VALENCIA AND NAVEL VAR.) , 2010 .

[75]  J. Parfitt,et al.  Food waste within food supply chains: quantification and potential for change to 2050 , 2010, Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences.

[76]  A. Raisi,et al.  Recovery of volatile aroma components from orange juice by pervaporation , 2007 .

[77]  R. Wrolstad,et al.  Anthocyanins from banana bracts (Musa X paradisiaca) as potential food colorants , 2001 .

[78]  G. Rowe,et al.  Consumer response to novel agri-food technologies: Implications for predicting consumer acceptance of emerging food technologies. , 2011 .

[79]  P. Bechtel,et al.  RECOVERY AND UTILIZATION OF PROTEIN DERIVED FROM SURIMI WASH-WATER , 2012 .

[80]  H. Chase,et al.  Trends in whey protein fractionation , 2011, Biotechnology Letters.

[81]  P. Pontalier,et al.  Twin-screw extrusion for hemicellulose recovery: influence on extract purity and purification performance. , 2010, Bioresource technology.

[82]  V. Boonamnuayvitaya,et al.  Protein separation by colloidal gas aphrons using nonionic surfactant , 2004 .

[83]  M. Lindhauer,et al.  Pilot-scale isolation of glucuronoarabinoxylans from wheat bran , 2005 .

[84]  Gordana Ćetković,et al.  By-products of fruits processing as a source of phytochemicals , 2009 .

[85]  Cláudia Duarte,et al.  Encapsulation and delivery of carotenoids-rich extract from tomato pomace in a prebiotic matrix , 2011 .

[86]  Charis M. Galanakis,et al.  A study of the recovery of the dietary fibres from olive mill wastewater and the gelling ability of the soluble fibre fraction , 2010 .

[87]  A. Pilosof,et al.  Partitioning of α-lactalbumin and β-lactoglobulin in whey protein concentrate/hydroxypropylmethylcellulose aqueous two-phase systems , 2011 .

[88]  Morteza Soleimani Aghdam,et al.  Impact of salicylic acid on post-harvest physiology of horticultural crops , 2010 .

[89]  Giorgia Spigno,et al.  Nanoemulsions of grape marc extract as a natural additives to impruve hazelnut paste shelf-life , 2011 .

[90]  Xiaosong Hu,et al.  Optimization of pectin extraction assisted by microwave from apple pomace using response surface methodology , 2007 .

[91]  C. Wan,et al.  Separate and Concentrate Lactic Acid Using Combination of Nanofiltration and Reverse Osmosis Membranes , 2008, Applied biochemistry and biotechnology.

[92]  Charis M. Galanakis,et al.  Clarification of high-added value products from olive mill wastewater , 2010 .

[93]  Z. V. P. Murthy,et al.  Optimization of process parameters by Taguchi method in the recovery of lactose from whey using sonocrystallization , 2010 .

[94]  Hyun Jin Park,et al.  Recent Developments in Microencapsulation of Food Ingredients , 2005 .

[95]  A. Alves,et al.  Recovery of Winery By-products in the Douro Demarcated Region: Production of Calcium Tartrate and Grape Pigments , 2002, American Journal of Enology and Viticulture.

[96]  C. Morris,et al.  Distribution of Total, Water-Unextractable, and Water-Extractable Arabinoxylans in Wheat Flour Mill Streams , 2011 .

[97]  Charis M. Galanakis,et al.  Dietary fiber suspensions from olive mill wastewater as potential fat replacements in meatballs , 2010 .

[98]  M. Chinnan,et al.  Recovery and characterization of proteins precipitated from surimi wash-water , 2009 .

[99]  D. Mcclements,et al.  Food-Grade Nanoemulsions: Formulation, Fabrication, Properties, Performance, Biological Fate, and Potential Toxicity , 2011, Critical reviews in food science and nutrition.

[100]  J. Robertson,et al.  Physical and Sensory Properties of Model Foods Supplemented with Cauliflower Fiber , 1997 .

[101]  Charis M. Galanakis,et al.  A Knowledge Base for The Recovery of Natural Phenols with Different Solvents , 2013 .

[102]  Francisco A. Riera,et al.  Lactic acid recovery from whey ultrafiltrate fermentation broths and artificial solutions by nanofiltration , 2008 .

[103]  G. Raghavan,et al.  Foam Mat Drying of Alphonso Mango Pulp , 2007 .

[104]  Eugène Vorobiev,et al.  Extraction of soluble matter from grape pomace by high voltage electrical discharges for polyphenol recovery: effect of sulphur dioxide and thermal treatments. , 2009 .

[105]  Aniruddha B. Pandit,et al.  Rapid lactose recovery from paneer whey using sonocrystallization: A process optimization , 2007 .

[106]  S. Justesen,et al.  Fractionation of whey proteins with high-capacity superparamagnetic ion-exchangers. , 2004, Journal of biotechnology.

[107]  Enhanced Extraction from Solid Foods and Biosuspensions by Pulsed Electrical Energy , 2010 .

[108]  U. Kulozik,et al.  Whey protein gels for the entrapment of bioactive anthocyanins from bilberry extract , 2011 .

[109]  M. D. Luque de Castro,et al.  Microwave-assisted extraction of phenolic compounds from wine lees and spray-drying of the extract , 2011 .

[110]  Charis M. Galanakis,et al.  Ultrafiltration optimization for the recovery of -glucan from oat mill waste , 2011 .

[111]  D. Knorr,et al.  The Maillard reaction and its control during food processing. The potential of emerging technologies. , 2010, Pathologie-biologie.

[112]  F. Chemat,et al.  Microwave steam diffusion for extraction of essential oil from orange peel: Kinetic data, extract’s global yield and mechanism , 2011 .