Mobile and wireless Internet services: putting the pieces together

There are a variety of emerging technologies and protocol enhancements designed to extend Internet services to mobile users, including operation over more dynamic, heterogeneous wireless interconnections. Many different approaches and protocols have been proposed, and there are even multiple standardization efforts within the Internet Engineering Task Force that address portions of the overall goal. This article highlights some of the emerging technology efforts and provides insight into how some of these pieces may fit together to realize seamless Internet services for users on the move or in application spaces with little to no preexisting communications infrastructure.