RADAR ALTIMETRY BACKSCATTERING SIGNATURES AT Ka , Ku , C AND S BANDS OVER LAND

Satellite radar altimetry, initially designed for studying ocean surface topography, demonstrated a strong potential for the continuous monitoring of ice sheets and land surfaces over the last 25 years. If radar altimetry is mostly used for its capacity to determine surface height, the backscattering coefficients provide information on the surface properties. Spatio-temporal variations of radar altimetry backscattering over land were related to the nature of the surface and its changes against time. This study presents the results of an along-track analysis of radar altimetry echoes over land at S, C, Ku and Ka bands using data from Jason-2, ERS-2, ENVISAT and SARAL on their nominal orbit. Temporal average and deviations are presented at global scale.

[1]  Duncan J. Wingham,et al.  NEW TECHNIQUES IN SATELLITE ALTIMETER TRACKING SYSTEMS. , 1986 .

[2]  W. Wagner,et al.  A Method for Estimating Soil Moisture from ERS Scatterometer and Soil Data , 1999 .

[3]  Fernando Niño,et al.  An ERS-2 altimetry reprocessing compatible with ENVISAT for long-term land and ice sheets studies , 2016 .

[4]  Jeff Ridley,et al.  Radar backscatter characteristics of a desert surface , 1996 .

[5]  A. Lopes,et al.  Preliminary analysis of ERS-1 wind scatterometer data over land surfaces , 1995 .

[6]  G. Brown The average impulse response of a rough surface and its applications , 1977 .

[7]  Eric Mougin,et al.  Monitoring global vegetation dynamics with ERS-1 wind scatterometer data , 1996 .

[8]  Frédéric Frappart,et al.  Estimating surface soil moisture over sahel using envisat radar altimetry , 2012, 2012 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium.

[9]  Pierre Borderies,et al.  Spaceborne altimetry and scatterometry backscattering signatures at C- and Ku-bands over West Africa , 2015 .

[10]  Fabrice Papa,et al.  Use of the Topex-Poseidon dual-frequency radar altimeter over land surfaces , 2003 .

[11]  Filipe Aires,et al.  Multiangle Backscattering Observations of Continental Surfaces in Ku-Band (13 GHz) From Satellites: Understanding the Signals, Particularly in Arid Regions , 2015, IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing.

[12]  Denis Blumstein,et al.  Envisat and SARAL/AltiKa Observations of the Antarctic Ice Sheet: A Comparison Between the Ku-band and Ka-band , 2015 .

[13]  Alenia Aerospazio,et al.  ENVISAT RA-2 ADVANCED RADAR ALTIMETER : INSTRUMENT DESIGN AND PRE-LAUNCH PERFORMANCE ASSESSMENT REVIEW , 1999 .

[14]  Pierre Borderies,et al.  Radar altimetry backscattering signatures at Ka, Ku, C, and S bands over West Africa , 2015 .

[15]  G. Carayon,et al.  Poseidon-3 Radar Altimeter: New Modes and In-Flight Performances , 2010 .

[16]  Catherine Prigent,et al.  Altimetry backscattering signatures at Ku and S bands over land and ice sheets , 2015, SPIE Remote Sensing.

[17]  N. Steunou,et al.  AltiKa Altimeter: Instrument Description and In Flight Performance , 2015 .

[18]  Frederique Remy,et al.  Estimating terrestrial snow depth with the TOPEX-Poseidon altimeter and radiometer , 2002, IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote. Sens..

[19]  Fabrice Papa,et al.  ENVISAT radar altimeter measurements over continental surfaces and ice caps using the ICE-2 retracking algorithm , 2005 .

[20]  C. Prigent,et al.  Inundated wetland dynamics over boreal regions from remote sensing: the use of Topex‐Poseidon dual‐frequency radar altimeter observations , 2006 .