Micro-mechanics of off-axis loading of metal matrix composites using finite element analysis

Abstract A three-dimensional, finite element, micro-mechanical model has been developed to predict the behaviour of unidirectional metal matrix composites subjected to off-axis loading. The model consists of a unit cell, representing a quarter fibre surrounded by matrix as a repeating element in a square array of fibres. Boundary conditions have been developed to allow the simultaneous application of axial shear, normal and transverse loading and thermal residual stress. The model includes the important effects of de-bonding of the interface between fibre and matrix, friction between fibre and matrix and the presence of thermal residual stress. The results of the model have been compared with experimental stress–strain data for a SiC/Ti composite system loaded at various off-axis angles between 0° and 90°. There is good agreement between the model and experiment for Young’s modulus, elastic limit and ultimate strength. It is demonstrated that for a model to predict correctly the composite strength when the fibre is perfectly de-bonded from the matrix, friction must be introduced at the interface.

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