A Novel Wideband Microstrip Fractal Antenna Based on the Fractal Binary Tree

Abstract This article explores designing wideband microstrip antennas utilizing fractal geometries. A novel microstrip monopole antenna using the geometry of the fractal binary tree is presented. To achieve a wide impedance bandwidth, the proposed microstrip fractal antenna is optimized in an automated design, making use of the genetic algorithm with the full-wave electromagnetic simulation and cluster parallel computation. A design result is presented. A prototype of the designed antenna has been fabricated and tested. Good agreement is obtained between numerical calculated and measured results, and results show the proposed fractal antenna obtains a quite promising S11 < −10-dB impedance bandwidth, which surpasses 42.8% (from 2.46 GHz to 3.80 GHz).

[1]  A. A. Abdelaziz.  BANDWIDTH ENHANCEMENT OF MICROSTRIP ANTENNA , 2006 .

[2]  Y. Rahmat-Samii,et al.  A parallel electromagnetic genetic-algorithm optimization (EGO) application for patch antenna design , 2004, IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation.

[3]  A. A. Abdelaziz.  Bandwidth Enhansment of Microstrip Antenna , 2006 .

[4]  Zbigniew Michalewicz,et al.  Genetic Algorithms + Data Structures = Evolution Programs , 1996, Springer Berlin Heidelberg.

[5]  Chak-Kuen Wong,et al.  A parallelized genetic algorithm for the calibration of Lowry model , 2001, Parallel Comput..

[6]  K. J. Vinoy,et al.  Fractal Shaped Antenna Elements for Wide-and Multi-band Wireless Applications , 2002 .

[7]  Derek S. Linden,et al.  Automated design and optimization of wire antennas using genetic algorithms , 1997 .

[8]  A. V. D. Capelle,et al.  An impedance-matching technique for increasing the bandwidth of microstrip antennas , 1989 .

[9]  Kama Huang,et al.  MICROWAVE IMAGING OF BURIED INHOMOGENEOUS OBJECTS USING PARALLEL GENETIC ALGORITHM COMBINED WITH FDTD METHOD , 2005 .

[10]  Zbigniew Michalewicz,et al.  Genetic algorithms + data structures = evolution programs (3rd ed.) , 1996 .

[11]  Nie Guo-tao.  Novel microstrip patch antenna , 2004 .

[12]  A. Massa,et al.  LINEAR ANTENNA SYNTHESIS WITH A HYBRID GENETIC ALGORITHM , 2004 .

[13]  Xing Chen,et al.  Microwave imaging buried inhomogeneous objects using genetic parallel algorithm combined with FDTD method , 2005 .

[14]  J. D. Krauss.  Antennas For All Applications , 1950 .

[15]  J.S. Petko,et al.  Miniature reconfigurable three-dimensional fractal tree antennas , 2004, IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation.

[16]  William T. Joines,et al.  Design of Yagi-Uda antennas using genetic algorithms , 1997 .

[17]  R. Waterhouse,et al.  Design of wide-band aperture-stacked patch microstrip antennas , 1998 .

[18]  John H. Holland,et al.  Adaptation in Natural and Artificial Systems: An Introductory Analysis with Applications to Biology, Control, and Artificial Intelligence , 1992 .

[19]  Jong-Gwan Yook,et al.  Wideband Microstrip Patch Antenna With U-Shaped Parasitic Elements , 2007, IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation.

[20]  Yahya Rahmat-Samii,et al.  Fractal antennas: a novel antenna miniaturization technique, and applications , 2002 .

[21]  Brian R. Long,et al.  Radiation characteristics of thin-wire ternary fractal trees , 1999 .

[22]  Asok De,et al.  A NOVEL MICROSTRIP PATCH ANTENNA WITH LARGE IMPEDANCE BANDWIDTH IN VHF/UHF RANGE , 2005 .

[23]  Xing Chen,et al.  Automated design of a three-dimensional fishbone antenna using parallel genetic algorithm and NEC , 2005, IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters.