Testing of isometric and isokinetic lifting strengths of untrained females in teamwork.

The additivity of strengths for teams of two and three untrained female subjects in eam-work was evaluated in static (isometric) and dynamic (isokinetic) terms. Eight healthy college students were tested under laboratory conditions. Four standard values were used to evaluate isometric strengths: arm, leg, stooped back, and composite measures. The isokinetic strength was tested by means of dynamic lift strength and dynamic back extension. Following individual measurement of the subjects, they were tested in two-member and three-member teams. Two-female teams w«re evaluated in terms of 28 combinations for each of the six measures; the three-female teams were tested in 56 combinations among the subjects. With the exception of isometric arm strength, the actual team strengths were significantly lower then the corresponding sums of the team-members' individual strengths. On average, the isometric back, leg and composite strengths were approximately 83·3% for the two-female teams, and 83·9% for the three-female...

[1]  M J Karvonen.  Effect of temporal patterns of work on lifting and handling capacities. , 1985, Ergonomics.

[2]  E. Kamon,et al.  In-plant evaluation of the muscle strength of workers. , 1978, American Industrial Hygiene Association journal.

[3]  Karl H.E. Kroemer,et al.  Testing individual capability to lift material: Repeatability of a dynamic test compared with static testing , 1985 .

[4]  W Karwowski,et al.  Prediction of maximum acceptable weight of lift in the horizontal and vertical planes using simulated job dynamic strengths. , 1986, American Industrial Hygiene Association journal.

[5]  P. R. Davis.  The Commission of the European Communities Seminar on the prevention of lumbar disorders at work. Introduction , 1985 .

[6]  J D Troup,et al.  Tests of lifting and handling capacity. Their repeatability and relationship to back symptoms. , 1984, Ergonomics.

[7]  J. Pytel,et al.  Dynamic strength test as a predictor for maximal and acceptable lifting , 1981 .

[8]  M M Ayoub,et al.  An Ergonomics Approach for the Design of Manual Materials-Handling Tasks , 1983, Human factors.

[9]  B T Davies,et al.  Moving loads manually. , 1972, Applied ergonomics.

[10]  K H Kroemer,et al.  An Isoinertial Technique to Assess Individual Lifting Capability , 1983, Human factors.

[11]  W S Marras,et al.  Evaluation of Maximal and Submaximal Static Muscle Exertions , 1981, Human factors.

[12]  S T Pheasant,et al.  Sex differences in strength - some observations on their variability. , 1983, Applied ergonomics.

[13]  K. Williams,et al.  Many Hands Make Light the Work: The Causes and Consequences of Social Loafing , 1979 .

[14]  D B Chaffin,et al.  Establishing an industrial strength testing program. , 1980, American Industrial Hygiene Association journal.

[15]  Stover H. Snook,et al.  The Ergonomics Society The Society's Lecture 1978. THE DESIGN OF MANUAL HANDLING TASKS , 1978 .

[16]  M Tabor.  Reconstructing the scene: back injury. , 1982, Occupational health & safety.

[17]  S T Pheasant,et al.  The principal features of maximal exertion in the sagittal plane. , 1981, Ergonomics.

[18]  Anil Mital,et al.  Review, Evaluation, and Comparison of Models for Predicting Lifting Capacity , 1980 .

[19]  Waldemar Karwowski,et al.  Relative importance of isometric and isokinetic lifting strengths in estimating maximum lifting capabilities , 1986 .

[20]  E Kamon,et al.  Dynamic and static lifting capacity and muscular strength of steelmill workers. , 1982, American Industrial Hygiene Association journal.

[21]  D B Chaffin,et al.  Ergonomics guide for the assessment of human static strength. , 1975, American Industrial Hygiene Association journal.

[22]  W Karwowski,et al.  Isometric and isokinetic testing of lifting strength of males in teamwork. , 1986, Ergonomics.

[23]  M. M. Ayoub,et al.  Modeling of Isometric Strength and Lifting Capacity , 1980 .

[24]  N. O. Mulholland,et al.  LIFTAN: an experimental expert system for analysis of manual lifting tasks. , 1986, Ergonomics.

[25]  R. J. Whitney.  THE STRENGTH OF THE LIFTING ACTION IN MAN , 1958 .

[26]  Pedersen Of,et al.  The relationship between four tests of back muscle strength in untrained subjects. , 1972 .

[27]  S T Pheasant,et al.  Vector representations of human strength in whole body exertion. , 1982, Applied ergonomics.

[28]  Joseph Novak,et al.  Backache at Work. , 1986 .

[29]  A. Ingham,et al.  The Ringelmann effect: Studies of group size and group performance , 1974 .