MicroRNAs in inflammation and response to injuries induced by environmental pollution.

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small noncoding RNAs that regulate basic biological processes by posttranscriptional suppression of their target genes. Altered miRNA expression may lead to widespread gene expression changes and has been implicated in pathophysiological processes such as cancer and inflammation. In this review, we summarize the present knowledge about the role of miRNAs in inflammation and in the response to environmental agents and pollutants, such as cigarette smoke, ethanol, carcinogenic chemicals such as benzo(a)pyrene (BaP) and dioxin, and UV radiation.

[1]  Yiguo Jiang,et al.  MicroRNA expression profiles and miR-10a target in anti-benzo[a] pyrene-7, 8-diol-9, 10-epoxide-transformed human 16HBE cells. , 2009, Biomedical and environmental sciences : BES.

[2]  Huiqing Liu,et al.  Identifying mRNA targets of microRNA dysregulated in cancer: with application to clear cell Renal Cell Carcinoma , 2010, BMC Systems Biology.

[3]  D. Bartel,et al.  MicroRNAs Modulate Hematopoietic Lineage Differentiation , 2004, Science.

[4]  P. Foster,et al.  Emerging role of microRNAs in disease pathogenesis and strategies for therapeutic modulation. , 2008, Current opinion in molecular therapeutics.

[5]  A. Pivarcsi,et al.  MicroRNAs: novel regulators in skin inflammation , 2008, Clinical and experimental dermatology.

[6]  V. Ambros,et al.  The Cold Shock Domain Protein LIN-28 Controls Developmental Timing in C. elegans and Is Regulated by the lin-4 RNA , 1997, Cell.

[7]  D. Bartel.  MicroRNAs: Target Recognition and Regulatory Functions , 2009, Cell.

[8]  Sonja N Sax,et al.  Non-cancer health effects of diesel exhaust: A critical assessment of recent human and animal toxicological literature , 2009, Critical reviews in toxicology.

[9]  J. Stenvang,et al.  MiR-155 is overexpressed in patients with atopic dermatitis and modulates T-cell proliferative responses by targeting cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated antigen 4. , 2010, The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology.

[10]  P. Tak,et al.  MicroRNA-146A contributes to abnormal activation of the type I interferon pathway in human lupus by targeting the key signaling proteins. , 2009, Arthritis and rheumatism.

[11]  David Baltimore,et al.  MicroRNA-155 is induced during the macrophage inflammatory response , 2007, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.

[12]  N. Rajewsky,et al.  Regulation of the Germinal Center Response by MicroRNA-155 , 2007, Science.

[13]  P. Pandolfi,et al.  A coding-independent function of gene and pseudogene mRNAs regulates tumour biology , 2010, Nature.

[14]  L. Meloy,et al.  Environmental Tobacco Smoke Exposure: Prevalence and Mechanisms of Causation of Infections in Children , 2006, Pediatrics.

[15]  V. Ambros,et al.  The C. elegans heterochronic gene lin-4 encodes small RNAs with antisense complementarity to lin-14 , 1993, Cell.

[16]  George P Cobb,et al.  microRNAs as oncogenes and tumor suppressors. , 2007, Developmental biology.

[17]  George A Calin,et al.  Chemoprevention of Cigarette Smoke–Induced Alterations of MicroRNA Expression in Rat Lungs , 2010, Cancer Prevention Research.

[18]  N. Rajewsky,et al.  Widespread changes in protein synthesis induced by microRNAs , 2008, Nature.

[19]  John S. Mattick,et al.  Orthologous MicroRNA Genes Are Located in Cancer-Associated Genomic Regions in Human and Mouse , 2007, PloS one.

[20]  Anton J. Enright,et al.  Requirement of bic/microRNA-155 for Normal Immune Function , 2007, Science.

[21]  S. Miyaki,et al.  Expression of MicroRNA-146a in osteoarthritis cartilage. , 2009, Arthritis and rheumatism.

[22]  S. Brant,et al.  MicroRNAs are differentially expressed in ulcerative colitis and alter expression of macrophage inflammatory peptide-2 alpha. , 2008, Gastroenterology.

[23]  A. Ledbetter,et al.  ST depression, arrhythmia, vagal dominance, and reduced cardiac micro-RNA in particulate-exposed rats. , 2011, American journal of respiratory cell and molecular biology.

[24]  P. Sharp,et al.  Proliferating Cells Express mRNAs with Shortened 3' Untranslated Regions and Fewer MicroRNA Target Sites , 2008, Science.

[25]  Ole A. Andreassen,et al.  Brain Expressed microRNAs Implicated in Schizophrenia Etiology , 2007, PloS one.

[26]  C. Croce,et al.  miR-155: On the Crosstalk Between Inflammation and Cancer , 2009, International reviews of immunology.

[27]  C. Croce,et al.  miRNAs, Cancer, and Stem Cell Division , 2005, Cell.

[28]  Zhiguang Li,et al.  A potential microRNA signature for tumorigenic conazoles in mouse liver , 2010, Molecular carcinogenesis.

[29]  D. Bartel.  MicroRNAs Genomics, Biogenesis, Mechanism, and Function , 2004, Cell.

[30]  Andrea Baccarelli,et al.  Epigenetics and environmental chemicals , 2009, Current opinion in pediatrics.

[31]  Isaac S. Kohane,et al.  Distinctive patterns of microRNA expression in primary muscular disorders , 2007, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.

[32]  Kaleb M. Pauley,et al.  Upregulated miR-146a expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells from rheumatoid arthritis patients , 2008, Arthritis research & therapy.

[33]  Avrum Spira,et al.  MicroRNAs as modulators of smoking-induced gene expression changes in human airway epithelium , 2009, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.

[34]  E. Miska,et al.  MicroRNA functions in animal development and human disease , 2005, Development.

[35]  M. Lindsay,et al.  Expression profiling in vivo demonstrates rapid changes in lung microRNA levels following lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammation but not in the anti-inflammatory action of glucocorticoids , 2007, BMC Genomics.

[36]  Manuel A. S. Santos,et al.  MicroRNA-155 modulates the interleukin-1 signaling pathway in activated human monocyte-derived dendritic cells , 2009, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.

[37]  J. Michálek,et al.  microRNA-342, microRNA-191 and microRNA-510 are differentially expressed in T regulatory cells of type 1 diabetic patients. , 2010, Cellular immunology.

[38]  J. Chen,et al.  Global Gene Expression Profiling in Whole-Blood Samples from Individuals Exposed to Metal Fumes , 2004, Environmental health perspectives.

[39]  P. Janson,et al.  MicroRNAs: Novel Regulators Involved in the Pathogenesis of Psoriasis? , 2007, PloS one.

[40]  W. V. van IJcken,et al.  MicroRNA‐mediated gene silencing modulates the UV‐induced DNA‐damage response , 2009, The EMBO journal.

[41]  Tyrrell Rm.  The molecular and cellular pathology of solar ultraviolet radiation. , 1994 .

[42]  Chunxiang Zhang,et al.  MicroRNAs are aberrantly expressed in hypertrophic heart: do they play a role in cardiac hypertrophy? , 2007, The American journal of pathology.

[43]  L. French,et al.  Squamous cell carcinoma of the skin shows a distinct microRNA profile modulated by UV radiation. , 2010, The Journal of investigative dermatology.

[44]  P. Boutros,et al.  microRNAs in adult rodent liver are refractory to dioxin treatment. , 2007, Toxicological sciences : an official journal of the Society of Toxicology.

[45]  M. Lindsay,et al.  Rapid Changes in MicroRNA-146a Expression Negatively Regulate the IL-1β-Induced Inflammatory Response in Human Lung Alveolar Epithelial Cells1 , 2008, The Journal of Immunology.

[46]  Yiguo Jiang,et al.  Overexpressed miR-494 down-regulates PTEN gene expression in cells transformed by anti-benzo(a)pyrene-trans-7,8-dihydrodiol-9,10-epoxide. , 2010, Life sciences.

[47]  D. Baltimore,et al.  NF-κB-dependent induction of microRNA miR-146, an inhibitor targeted to signaling proteins of innate immune responses , 2006, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.

[48]  A. Pivarcsi,et al.  MicroRNAs and immunity: novel players in the regulation of normal immune function and inflammation. , 2008, Seminars in cancer biology.

[49]  L. Latonen,et al.  Cellular UV damage responses--functions of tumor suppressor p53. , 2005, Biochimica et biophysica acta.

[50]  Hong Guo,et al.  Induction of microRNA-155 during Helicobacter pylori infection and its negative regulatory role in the inflammatory response. , 2009, The Journal of infectious diseases.

[51]  F. Slack,et al.  RAS Is Regulated by the let-7 MicroRNA Family , 2005, Cell.

[52]  K. Ramos,et al.  Activation of human long interspersed nuclear element 1 retrotransposition by benzo(a)pyrene, an ubiquitous environmental carcinogen. , 2006, Cancer research.

[53]  J. Stenvang,et al.  Silencing of microRNA-155 in mice during acute inflammatory response leads to derepression of c/ebp Beta and down-regulation of G-CSF , 2009, Nucleic acids research.

[54]  S. D. Selcuklu,et al.  miR-21 as a key regulator of oncogenic processes. , 2009, Biochemical Society transactions.

[55]  Tao Chen,et al.  Low Doses of the Carcinogen Furan Alter Cell Cycle and Apoptosis Gene Expression in Rat Liver Independent of DNA Methylation , 2010, Environmental health perspectives.

[56]  D. Bartel,et al.  The impact of microRNAs on protein output , 2008, Nature.

[57]  J. Hoeijmakers,et al.  MicroRNA responses and stress granule formation modulate the DNA damage response , 2009, Cell cycle.

[58]  A. van den Berg,et al.  BIC and miR‐155 are highly expressed in Hodgkin, primary mediastinal and diffuse large B cell lymphomas , 2005, The Journal of pathology.

[59]  A. Pivarcsi,et al.  Advances in microRNAs: implications for immunity and inflammatory diseases , 2008, Journal of cellular and molecular medicine.

[60]  C. Croce,et al.  MicroRNA-133 controls cardiac hypertrophy , 2007, Nature Medicine.

[61]  S. De Flora,et al.  Chemoprevention of genome, transcriptome, and proteome alterations induced by cigarette smoke in rat lung. , 2005, European journal of cancer.

[62]  Ulrich Pfeffer,et al.  Modulation of microRNA expression by budesonide, phenethyl isothiocyanate and cigarette smoke in mouse liver and lung. , 2010, Carcinogenesis.

[63]  Zsolt Czimmerer,et al.  DIFFERENTIALLY EXPRESSED MicroRNAs IN SMALL CELL LUNG CANCER , 2009, Experimental lung research.

[64]  Yiguo Jiang,et al.  MiR-320 and miR-494 affect cell cycles of primary murine bronchial epithelial cells exposed to benzo[a]pyrene. , 2010, Toxicology in vitro : an international journal published in association with BIBRA.

[65]  Andrew Williams,et al.  Lack of change in microRNA expression in adult mouse liver following treatment with benzo(a)pyrene despite robust mRNA transcriptional response. , 2011, Mutation research.

[66]  Keiichiro Nishida,et al.  Expression of microRNA-146 in rheumatoid arthritis synovial tissue. , 2008, Arthritis and rheumatism.

[67]  Michael Detmar,et al.  Altered expression of MicroRNA in synovial fibroblasts and synovial tissue in rheumatoid arthritis. , 2008, Arthritis and rheumatism.

[68]  Wigard P Kloosterman,et al.  Targeted Inhibition of miRNA Maturation with Morpholinos Reveals a Role for miR-375 in Pancreatic Islet Development , 2007, PLoS biology.

[69]  Jianwei Zhou,et al.  Common genetic variants in pre-microRNAs are associated with risk of coal workers' pneumoconiosis , 2010, Journal of Human Genetics.

[70]  M. Stämpfli,et al.  How cigarette smoke skews immune responses to promote infection, lung disease and cancer , 2009, Nature Reviews Immunology.

[71]  T. Callis,et al.  MicroRNAs 1, 133, and 206: critical factors of skeletal and cardiac muscle development, function, and disease. , 2010, The international journal of biochemistry & cell biology.

[72]  M. Franchini,et al.  Particulate Air Pollution and Cardiovascular Risk: Short-term and Long-term Effects , 2009, Seminars in thrombosis and hemostasis.

[73]  Muller Fabbri,et al.  Modulation of miR-155 and miR-125b Levels following Lipopolysaccharide/TNF-α Stimulation and Their Possible Roles in Regulating the Response to Endotoxin Shock1 , 2007, The Journal of Immunology.

[74]  E Dybing,et al.  Particulate matter properties and health effects: consistency of epidemiological and toxicological studies , 2006, Human & experimental toxicology.

[75]  E. Granieri,et al.  Altered miRNA expression in T regulatory cells in course of multiple sclerosis , 2010, Journal of Neuroimmunology.

[76]  Phillip A. Sharp,et al.  miRNA Profiling of Naïve, Effector and Memory CD8 T Cells , 2007, PloS one.

[77]  Mark M. Davis,et al.  miR-181a Is an Intrinsic Modulator of T Cell Sensitivity and Selection , 2007, Cell.

[78]  Y. Naito,et al.  Increased expression of microRNA in the inflamed colonic mucosa of patients with active ulcerative colitis , 2010, Journal of gastroenterology and hepatology.

[79]  George A Calin,et al.  Downregulation of microRNA expression in the lungs of rats exposed to cigarette smoke , 2009, FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology.

[80]  V. Ambros,et al.  The evolution of our thinking about microRNAs , 2008, Nature Medicine.

[81]  J. Schwartz,et al.  Exposure to Metal-Rich Particulate Matter Modifies the Expression of Candidate MicroRNAs in Peripheral Blood Leukocytes , 2010, Environmental health perspectives.

[82]  Kevin Struhl,et al.  STAT3 activation of miR-21 and miR-181b-1 via PTEN and CYLD are part of the epigenetic switch linking inflammation to cancer. , 2010, Molecular cell.

[83]  Marc E. Rothenberg,et al.  MicroRNA-21 Is Up-Regulated in Allergic Airway Inflammation and Regulates IL-12p35 Expression 1 , 2009, The Journal of Immunology.

[84]  C. Croce,et al.  MiRNAs and cancer. , 2009, The American journal of pathology.

[85]  C. Croce,et al.  MicroRNAs in Cancer. , 2009, Annual review of medicine.

[86]  R. Fry,et al.  Disruption of MicroRNA Expression in Human Airway Cells by Diesel Exhaust Particles Is Linked to Tumorigenesis-Associated Pathways , 2009, Environmental health perspectives.

[87]  S. De Flora,et al.  Relationships of microRNA expression in mouse lung with age and exposure to cigarette smoke and light , 2009, FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology.

[88]  C. Croce,et al.  A microRNA expression signature of human solid tumors defines cancer gene targets , 2006, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.

[89]  C. Burge,et al.  Most mammalian mRNAs are conserved targets of microRNAs. , 2008, Genome research.

[90]  Y. Zhuang,et al.  Identification of MyD88 as a novel target of miR‐155, involved in negative regulation of Helicobacter pylori‐induced inflammation , 2010, FEBS letters.

[91]  C. Croce,et al.  MicroRNA signatures in human cancers , 2006, Nature Reviews Cancer.

[92]  R. Schreiber,et al.  Cancer immunoediting: from immunosurveillance to tumor escape , 2002, Nature Immunology.

[93]  Wei Yan,et al.  Differential Expression Profiles of microRNAs in NIH3T3 Cells in Response to UVB Irradiation , 2009, Photochemistry and photobiology.

[94]  H. Horvitz,et al.  MicroRNA expression profiles classify human cancers , 2005, Nature.

[95]  V. Ambros.  The functions of animal microRNAs , 2004, Nature.