A new accurate retrieval of bromine monoxide inside minor volcanic plumes from Sentinel-5 Precursor/TROPOMI

. Bromine monoxide ( BrO ) is a key radical in the atmosphere, influencing the chemical state of the atmosphere, most notably the abundance of ozone. The main effect of BrO onto tropospheric ozone concentrations occurs in bromine release events in polar regions, salt pans and volcanic plumes. Ozone depletion caused by halogen release has been observed and modeled for such conditions, in particular inside volcanic plumes. Furthermore, the molar bromine to sulphur ratio in volcanic plumes is a proxy for the magmatic composition of a volcano and potentially an eruption forecast parameter. The integrated 5 column of BrO in the atmosphere, which in turn serves as an estimate for the bromine content, can be detected simultaneously with SO 2 via spectroscopic measurements using the Differential Optical Absorption Spectroscopy (DOAS). Thus, a direct derivation of the BrO / SO 2 ratio can be performed from a single measurement. Satellite spectroscopic observations offer the potential to observe and monitor volcanic bromine release globally. The detection of BrO in volcanic plumes is limited by the precision and sensitivity of the retrieval, which so far only allowed for 10 the detection of BrO during major eruptions, leading to a potential sampling bias when looking at the BrO / SO 2 ratio. The The TROPospheric Monitoring Instrument (TROPOMI

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