Evolutionary Constrained Design of Seismically Excited Buildings: Sensor Placement

Appropriate sensor placement can strongly influence the control performance of structures. However, there is not yet a systematic method for sensor placement. In this paper, a general method based on a proposed constrained GA is suggested to optimally place sensors in structures. The optimal placement scheme is general for passive, active and semi-active controls and it does not depend on the control strategy and nonlinear dynamics of the control system. Due to low cost, high reliability, control effectiveness as well as installation simplicity, acceleration type sensors are considered. The proposed method is applicable to new or existing buildings, as the accelerometer placement is trivial. The efficiency of proposed method is evaluated on the benchmark building for placement of 5 and 3 sensors. The results show that the performance of control system with 5 and even 3 optimally placed sensors is at least 8% better than the original benchmark building design with 5 sensors. Generally, the proposed method is a simple and efficient practical approach to achieve improved performance using the fewest number of instruments.

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