High-resolution spatio-temporal modeling of public transit accessibility

Abstract This paper details the creation of a model to measure the accessibility, in the form of travel time, from origins to destinations by way of public transit. The model is a high-resolution spatio-temporal, GIS-based public transit network model. It includes the travel modes of walking and bus and their associated travel times. The total travel time is based on walking times to reach bus stops, typical waiting times at bus stops, travel times on the bus network and transfer times between routes, if necessary. As an example of the model's applicability, it is used to analyze the effects on accessibility of the addition of rapid bus routes in Albuquerque, New Mexico. This multimodal, network-based model has other applications as well, such as assessing sustainable transportation performance measures, estimating transit demand based on varying value of time, or comparing the relative accessibility of new route alignments.

[1]  Todd Litman,et al.  Evaluating Transportation Equity Guidance For Incorporating Distributional Impacts in Transportation Planning , 2015 .

[2]  J. Preston,et al.  Accessibility, mobility and transport-related social exclusion , 2007 .

[3]  Ram M. Pendyala,et al.  Development of Time-of-Day–Based Transit Accessibility Analysis Tool , 2002 .

[4]  Karel Martens,et al.  Basing Transport Planning on Principles of Social Justice , 2011 .

[5]  E. Talen.  Neighborhoods as Service Providers: A Methodology for Evaluating Pedestrian Access , 2003 .

[6]  Thomas W. Sanchez,et al.  Moving to Equity: Addressing Inequitable Effects of Transportation Policies on Minorities , 2003 .

[7]  Julian Hine.  Transport and Social Justice , 2008 .

[8]  Harvey J. Miller,et al.  GIS Software for Measuring Space-Time Accessibility in Transportation Planning and Analysis , 2000, GeoInformatica.

[9]  S. McLafferty,et al.  Spatial mismatch research in the 1990s: progress and potential , 1999 .

[10]  Richard L. Church,et al.  Mapping transit‐based access: integrating GIS, routes and schedules , 2010, Int. J. Geogr. Inf. Sci..

[11]  Alastair M. Morrison,et al.  Using desktop GIS for the investigation of accessibility by public transport: an isochrone approach , 2000, Int. J. Geogr. Inf. Sci..

[12]  Devajyoti Deka,et al.  Social and Environmental Justice Issues in Urban Transportation , 2004 .

[13]  Robin Haynes,et al.  Car travel time and accessibility by bus to general practitioner services: a study using patient registers and GIS. , 2002, Social science & medicine.

[14]  Vukan R Vuchic,et al.  Urban Transit : Operations, Planning and Economics , 2005 .

[15]  Glenn Lyons,et al.  Transport and social exclusion: investigating the possibility of promoting inclusion through virtual mobility , 2002 .

[16]  Edward A Beimborn,et al.  Accessibility, Connectivity, and Captivity: Impacts on Transit Choice , 2003 .

[17]  M. Kwan,et al.  Individual Accessibility Revisited: Implications for Geographical Analysis in the Twenty-first Century , 2003 .

[18]  Kevin M. Curtin,et al.  A new method for determining the population with walking access to transit , 2010, Int. J. Geogr. Inf. Sci..

[19]  Yosef Sheffi,et al.  Urban Transportation Networks: Equilibrium Analysis With Mathematical Programming Methods , 1985 .

[20]  Randy B Machemehl,et al.  Do Transit Users Just Wait for Buses or Wait with Strategies? , 2009 .

[21]  Marc Schlossberg.  Running on Empty: Transport, Social Exclusion and Environmental Justice , 2006 .

[22]  Harvey J. Miller,et al.  What about people in geographic information science? , 2003, Comput. Environ. Urban Syst..

[23]  M. Kwan,et al.  Toward Socially Sustainable Urban Transportation: Progress and Potentials , 2008 .

[24]  John Farrington,et al.  Rural accessibility, social inclusion and social justice: towards conceptualisation , 2005 .

[25]  Thomas W. Sanchez,et al.  The Connection Between Public Transit and Employment , 1999 .

[26]  Alan Hay.  EQUITY AND WELFARE IN THE GEOGRAPHY OF PUBLIC TRANSPORT PROVISION. , 1993 .

[27]  Alexander Fotheringham,et al.  Geographic information systems for transportation: Principles and applications. , 2003 .

[28]  George A. Boyne,et al.  Territorial justice: A review of theory and evidence , 1991 .

[29]  Christopher G. Boone,et al.  Parks and People: An Environmental Justice Inquiry in Baltimore, Maryland , 2009, Public Space Reader.

[30]  C. Perrins,et al.  THE MARKETS FOR PUBLIC TRANSPORT : THE POOR AND THE TRANSPORT DISADVANTAGED , 1989 .

[31]  Alan M. Hay,et al.  Concepts of equity, fairness and justice in geographical studies , 1995 .

[32]  M. Kwan,et al.  Evaluating the Effects of Geographic Contexts on Individual Accessibility: A Multilevel Approach1 , 2003 .

[33]  Bleddyn P. Davies,et al.  Social Needs and Resources in Local Services. , 1969 .

[34]  Xuan Zhu,et al.  An Integrated GIS Approach to Accessibility Analysis , 2004, Trans. GIS.