PROTECTIVE CONSTRUCTION REVIEW GUIDE--HARDENING. VOLUME I

Abstract : This document provides a systematic procedure for integrating the essential strategic, operational and engineering factors which must be considered in developing a program of ''hardening'' from the inception of the requirement through the construction of the facility. The term ''Protective Construction'' embraces those passive measures which can be effected by construction to nullify the effects of weapons and to enhance the recuperability of weapons systems and facilities. The term includes dispersion and duplication of services as well as strengthening of structures, camouflage and the incorporation of protection against chemical, biological and radiological agents. The term does not fully embrace all elements of passive defense, such as electronic countermeasures, control of electronic emissions, control of lighting and damage control. ''Hardening'' is used to define that form of protective construction related to structural blast and shock resistance to the effects of nuclear weapons. A physical barrier, the hardened structure, is interposed between the weapon and the operating function to be protected. Protection is provided by ''sheltering'' the personnel and equipment.