The strategic value of CEO external directorate networks: implications for CEO compensation

This study examines the relationship between CEO external directorate networks and CEO compensation. Drawing on previous research showing a link between executives' external networks, firm strategy, and performance, the study argues that executive external networks are strategically valuable to firms; thus, they should be reflected in executive compensation. The study further examines whether firm diversification, with its elevated demand for strategic resources, moderates the relationship between CEO external directorate networks and pay. Hypotheses are tested using a sample of 460 Fortune 1000 firms. Analyses reveal that the rewards to CEO external directorate networks are contingent upon the firm's level of diversification. Implications for future research and practice are discussed. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

[1]  L. Freeman,et al.  Centrality in social networks: ii. experimental results☆ , 1979 .

[2]  Constance E. Helfat,et al.  Specificity of CEO human capital and compensation , 1997 .

[3]  L. Freeman Centrality in social networks conceptual clarification , 1978 .

[4]  A. Portes Social Capital: Its Origins and Applications in Modern Sociology , 1998 .

[5]  B. Wernerfelt,et al.  A Resource-Based View of the Firm , 1984 .

[6]  P. Mariolis,et al.  Centrality in Corporate Interlock Networks: Reliability and Stability , 1982 .

[7]  B. Boyd,et al.  How Much Does the CEO Matter? The Role of Managerial Discretion in the Setting of CEO Compensation , 1998 .

[8]  Mark S. Mizruchi,et al.  A Longitudinal Study of Borrowing by Large American Corporations , 1994 .

[9]  Robert N. Stern,et al.  The External Control of Organizations: A Resource Dependence Perspective. , 1979 .

[10]  Pamela R. Haunschild How Much Is That Company Worth?: Interorganizational Relationships, Uncertainty and Acquisition Premiums , 1994 .

[11]  Vladimir Batagelj,et al.  Centrality in Social Networks , 1993 .

[12]  J. Pfeffer Size and Composition of Corporate Boards of Directors: The Organization and its Environment , 1972 .

[13]  Edward J. Zajac,et al.  Substance and Symbolism in CEOs' Long-Term Incentive Plans , 1994 .

[14]  Brian K. Boyd,et al.  Corporate linkages and organizational environment: A test of the resource dependence model , 1990 .

[15]  Jeffrey Pfeffer,et al.  Organization Theory and Structural Perspectives on Management , 1991 .

[16]  K. Palepu Diversification strategy, profit performance and the entropy measure , 1985 .

[17]  S. Ghoshal,et al.  Social Capital, Intellectual Capital, and the Organizational Advantage , 1998 .

[18]  R. Burt,et al.  Corporate Profits And Cooptation , 1983 .

[19]  Richard A. D'Aveni Top Managerial Prestige and Organizational Bankruptcy , 1990 .

[20]  J. Coleman,et al.  Social Capital in the Creation of Human Capital , 1988, American Journal of Sociology.

[21]  Andrew D. Henderson,et al.  Information-Processing Demands as a Determinant of Ceo Compensation , 1996 .

[22]  Richard A. D'Aveni,et al.  Top Managerial Prestige, Power and Tender Offer Response: A Study of Elite Social Networks and Target Firm Cooperation during Takeovers , 1993 .

[23]  Pamela R. Haunschild Interorganizational imitation: The impact of interlocks on corporate acquisition activity , 1993 .

[24]  E. Penrose The theory of the growth of the firm twenty-five years after , 1960 .

[25]  Brian K. Boyd,et al.  Board control and ceo compensation , 1994 .

[26]  M. Mizruchi What Do Interlocks Do? An Analysis, Critique, and Assessment of Research on Interlocking Directorates , 1996 .

[27]  Gina J. Medsker,et al.  A Review of Current Practices for Evaluating Causal Models in Organizational Behavior and Human Resources Management Research , 1994 .

[28]  Joel Podolny Market Uncertainty and the Social Character of Economic Exchange , 1994 .

[29]  R. Burt The contingent value of social capital. , 1997 .

[30]  James D. Thompson Organizations in Action , 1967 .

[31]  W. Powell,et al.  The iron cage revisited institutional isomorphism and collective rationality in organizational fields , 1983 .

[32]  Kenneth A. Bollen,et al.  Structural Equations with Latent Variables , 1989 .

[33]  L. Donaldson Strategic Leadership: Top Executives and Their Effects on Organizations , 1997 .

[34]  D. Hambrick,et al.  The external ties of top executives: Implications for strategic choice and performance. , 1997 .

[35]  Sydney Finkelstein,et al.  Chief executive compensation: A study of the intersection of markets and political processes , 1989 .

[36]  K Palepu 多角化戦略,収益性業績,エントロピー測度 , 1985 .

[37]  C. O'Reilly,et al.  Social Capital at the Top: Effects of Social Similarity and Status on CEO Compensation , 1996 .

[38]  Alfred Dupont Chandler,et al.  战略与结构 : 美国工商企业成长的若干篇章=strategy and structure : chapters in the history of the American industrial enterprise , 1962 .

[39]  K. Eisenhardt,et al.  Resource-based View of Strategic Alliance Formation: Strategic and Social Effects in Entrepreneurial Firms , 1996 .

[40]  James William Coleman,et al.  Competition and the Structure of Industrial Society: Reply to Braithwaite , 1988, American Journal of Sociology.

[41]  J. Barney Firm Resources and Sustained Competitive Advantage , 1991 .