A Methodology for Analyzing the Lateral Train-Structure Interaction: Application in Two Case Studies

In more recent years, the dynamic effects produced by moving trains over bridges have been becoming an important issue in the railway engineering. With the continuous increase of the operating speeds and bridge dimensions, such dynamic effects can no longer be accurately accessed with simple models based on moving loads. Therefore, the consideration of the vehicle-bridge interaction becomes relevant to access not only the dynamic effects on bridges but also the comfort and running safety of railway traffic. The development of new high-speed railway networks around the world lead to the necessity of ensuring smoother tracks with larger curve radius that resulted in railway lines with a high percentage of viaducts and bridges. Some of these bridges are situated in regions prone to earthquakes or in deep valleys, in which strong crosswinds are frequent. This reality led to new concerns among the railway engineering community, since it may represent an additional risk factor for the trains. Therefore, events such as the derailments that occurred during the Kobe Earthquake, in January 1995, the Shinkansen high-speed train derailment at 200 km/h during the Mid-Niigata Earthquake, in October 2004, or the train derailments caused by strong crosswinds reported in [1], provided the impetus for analyzing the running safety of trains moving on bridges. The train-structure interaction models vary in terms of complexity, from models that account only the vertical dynamics, in both time domain [2] and frequency domain [3], to models that also include the lateral effects [4, 5]. The latter are particularly important to study the running safety of trains subjected to lateral vibrations caused by earthquakes [6, 7] or crosswinds [8, 9]. In the present paper, an extension of the formulation described in [10] that takes into account the lateral dynamic effects between railway vehicles and structures is proposed [11]. The International Journal of

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